Download Annex IV Form for submission of information specified in Annex E to

Submitted to the Secretariat by e-mail ([email protected])
Annex IV
Form for submission of information specified in Annex E to
the Stockholm Convention pursuant to Article 8 of the
Convention
Introductory information
Name of the submitting Party/observer
Contact details (name, telephone, e-mail) of the submitting
Party/observer
Chemical name (as used by the POPs Review Committee)
Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA)
David Isaacs
+1-202-446-1709
[email protected]
POPRC-11/4: Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid
(CAS No: 335-67-1, PFOA, perfluorooctanoic
acid), its salts and PFOA-related compounds
Date of submission
(a) Sources, including as appropriate (provide summary information and relevant references)
(i) Production data:
Quantity
Location
Other
(ii) Uses
The semiconductor industry uses PFOA in the
photolithography process. PFOA may be
contained in residual quantities in
semiconductor manufacturing equipment,
parts, fab infrastructure and ancillary
equipment. Additionally, PFOA may be
present in residual amounts in semiconductor
devices.
PFOA and related chemical substances are
used by semiconductor manufacturers during
photolithography and related processes. These
chemicals provide critical acidity, surfactancy
and anti-reflectivity properties for photoacid
generators, photoresist polymers, and antireflective coatings used in the
photolithographic process. The research and
qualification of alternatives requires many
years and substantial financial resources. Until
that research is successful, semiconductor
manufacturers will continue to use PFOA and
related chemical substances.
Earlier this year, SIA conducted a survey of
the ten major semiconductor lithography
chemical suppliers. All ten suppliers
responded and provided data on 2014 sales of
PFOA and related substances. The total
amount of PFOA and related chemical
substances reported as manufactured or
imported in semiconductor photolithography
formulations in 2014 in North America was
532 kg.
Semiconductor device manufacturers import
or purchase domestically semiconductor
manufacturing equipment, parts, fab
infrastructure equipment, and ancillary
equipment which may contain trace amounts
of PFOA and related substances. In terms of
semiconductor manufacturing equipment, the
association of the industry’s suppliers, SEMI,
estimates that the mass / weight of PFOA
introduced into the EU annually by all
semiconductor manufacturing equipment is no
more than 8.40 kg per year. This represent a
marginal source (0.1%) of PFOA, even in the
category Articles, as the total PFOA present in
articles is estimated to be <10 ton/year by the
Dossier Submitter as indicated in the
background document. We do not have
available estimates for uses in other
geographies.
PFOA and related substances may be present
in very small amounts as an impurity in some
finished semiconductor devices or packages
that are manufactured or imported. For
example, PFOA and related substances may
be present after soldering using a solder flux
that contains PFOA. Similarly, an adhesive
that uses a PFOA as a release agent is used
during the assembly of a semiconductor
“package” (i.e., the final housing used to
protect a semiconductor and connect it to a
circuit board). The adhesive may contain
residual PFOA and therefore the fully
assembled package may contain residual
LCPFAC chemical substances. The industry
in the U.S. is continuing to investigate
whether PFOA may be present in the final
semiconductor device and to review the
criticality of any discrete uses that may result
in residual amounts of this chemical being
present in the finished device.
(iii) Releases:
Discharges
Losses
Emissions
According to a preliminary survey of
semiconductor companies in North America,
we estimate that approximately 3 percent of
uses of this chemical are emitted to
wastewater. This estimate is consistent with
the conclusions in the OECD Emission
Scenario Document (ESD) on Photoresist Use
in Semiconductor Manufacturing and the
Opinion of the SEAC and RAC in Europe.
Other
Explanatory note:
1. Indicate units for all data.
2. Information on imports, exports and existing stockpiles could also be included under item (i)
Production data: Other. Information on uses could include uses for agriculture (e.g., pesticides), for
public health and for industrial purposes and uses by the informal sector.
(b) Hazard assessment for endpoints of concern, including consideration of toxicological interactions
involving multiple chemicals (provide summary information and relevant references)
Explanatory note:
3. Information on endpoints of concern should cover, in particular, experimental data concerning
human toxicity and ecotoxicity (i.e., toxicity for terrestrial, telluric, aquatic and benthic fauna) and
any information on toxicological interactions involving multiple chemicals. Data on contamination
of foodstuffs, water, soil or sediment may be entered in part (d) below.
(c) Environmental fate (provide summary information and relevant references)
Chemical/physical properties
Persistence
How are chemical/physical properties and persistence linked
to environmental transport, transfer within and between
environmental compartments, degradation and
transformation to other chemicals?
Bio-concentration or bio-accumulation factor, based on
measured values (unless monitoring data are judged to meet
this need)
Explanatory note:
4. Information on potential for long-range transport could include the results of modelling of longrange environmental transport.
(d) Monitoring data (provide summary information and relevant references)
Explanatory note:
5. Provide monitoring data, if possible, with an indication of the quality of the data or its degree of
reliability, trend data and additional data on the criteria in Annex D, particularly persistence,
bioaccumulation, long-range environmental transport and exposure.
6. Environmental monitoring data and exposure data in various compartments or media could
include data from ambient air, maternal milk, human blood, biota, food products, water, soil,
sediments, waste, effluents, etc.
(e) Exposure in local areas (provide summary information and relevant references)
General
As a result of long-range environmental transport
Information regarding bio-availability
Explanatory note:
7. Information on exposure in local areas could include the following:
(a) General: Data on exposure in local areas, including data on human health and
wild fauna and flora, data on occupational exposure, etc;
(b) As a result of long-range environmental transport: Data concerning exposure in
areas far from the sources of production or use of a chemical, experimental data or modelling
results indicating possible long-range transport, etc;
(c) Information regarding bio-availability: Studies describing how the chemical is
absorbed by humans and other animals, concentrations in biological samples, half-life, etc.
(f) National and international risk evaluations, assessments or profiles and labelling information and
hazard classifications, as available (provide summary information and relevant references)
Explanatory note:
8. Information on national and international risk evaluations could include the following:
(a) Rationale for the regulation of toxic chemical substances such as assessment
information;
(b) Information and hazard classifications;
(c) National and international risk evaluations prepared by governmental and
inter-governmental organizations, regional economic integration organizations and
non-governmental organizations. The government and national stakeholders such as the
academic community, civil society and others in the private sector may provide the data
required.
(g) Status of the chemical under international conventions
Explanatory note:
9. Information need not be provided on the most well known instruments. A list of those instruments
may be found in document UNEP/POPS/POPRC.1/INF/10.