Download Arabic verbs

Arabic verbs
Arabic
English
‫أتى أييت‬
to come
‫أيخذ‬
ُ ‫أخذ‬
َ
to take
‫أ َكل أي ُكل‬
‫أيمر‬
ُ ‫َأمر‬
to eat
to command
‫يبحث‬
َ ‫حبَث‬
‫يبدأ‬
َ ‫بدأ‬
َ
to (re)search
to begin
‫يبدل‬
ُ ‫بدل‬
َ
‫َبرز يربُز‬
‫يبسط‬
ُ ‫بسط‬
َ
‫يبعث‬
َ ‫َبعث‬
‫ِبقي يبقى‬
‫بكى يبكي‬
‫بلَغ يبلُغ‬
‫بىن يبيت‬
to replace
to emerge
to spread (something)
to dispatch
to remain
to cry
to reach
to build
‫ابن يبني‬
‫تبِع يتبَع‬
to become clear
to follow
‫َترك يرتُك‬
‫متّ يتِ ّم‬
‫اتب يتوب‬
‫ثبَت يثبُت‬
to leave/abandon
to complete
to repent
to be firmly established
Exercise: translate the following into Arabic


she began to eat solid foods when she reached the age of one
he sent many men to build it before it was finally complete




stay with me, otherwise I will just keep following you
I was ordered to take these
don’t cry over me
it is abandoned
Arabic
English
‫جيرح‬
َ ‫جرح‬
َ
‫جرى جيري‬
‫جيعل‬
َ ‫جعل‬
َ
‫جلَس جيلِس‬
to wound
to flow (literally or abstractly)
to make (something into something)
to sit
‫جاز جيوز‬
to be permissible
‫جاء جييء‬
to come
‫حيسب‬
ُ ‫حسب‬
َ
to calculate
‫حيصل‬
ُ ‫حصل‬
َ
‫حيضر‬
ُ ‫ضر‬
َ‫ح‬
ِ
‫حفظ حي َفظ‬
‫ح َكم حي ُكم‬
ِ ‫محل‬
‫حيمل‬
َ
‫حي حيىي‬
ّ
ِ
‫ختَم خيتم‬
ِ ‫خدم‬
‫خيدم‬
َ
‫خيرج‬
ُ ‫خرج‬
َ
‫خرق خي ِرق‬
َ
‫خيزن‬
ُ ‫خزن‬
َ
‫ص‬
ّ ُ‫خص خي‬
ّ
ِ
‫خطأ خيطَأ‬
to acquire (transitive and intransitive)
to be present
to protect; to memorize
to pass judgement
to carry
to be alive
to seal; to conclude/finish
to serve
to exit
to tear
to store
to single out/distinguish
to be in error/make a mistake
Exercise: translate the following into Arabic




am I allowed to sit here?
my clothes are ripped
I’ve been carrying this since I got here
she hurt herself near the exit
Arabic
ِ
‫خفي خيفى‬
‫خلَص خيلُص‬
‫خلَق خيلُق‬
English
to be concealed
to be pure
to create
‫خال خيلو‬
to be empty
‫خان خيون‬
to betray
‫خال خيال‬
to imagine
‫يدخل‬
ُ ‫دخل‬
َ
to enter
‫يدرس‬
ُ ‫درس‬
َ
‫دعا يدعو‬
‫دفَع يدفَع‬
‫يد ّل‬
ّ
ُ ‫دل‬
‫دان يدنو‬
‫ِدِن يدىن‬
to study
to call; to invite
to push away
to demonstrate/indicate
to be near
to be low
‫دار يدور‬
to revolve
‫دان يدين‬
to borrow
‫د َكر يد ُكر‬
to remember; to mention
‫يذهب‬
َ ‫ذهب‬
َ
‫رأى يرى‬
‫يرب ِِط‬
ُ ‫ربَط‬
ِ ‫رجع‬
‫يرجع‬
َ
to go
to see; to have an opinion
to fasten; many other meanings
to return
Exercise: which of the above words would be the best synonym (not necessarily exact) for the
following?



to double cross
to connect links in a chain
to daydream





to
to
to
to
to
owe
reach downwards
repel
be hollow
show
Arabic
English
‫رجا يرجو‬
to hope; to plead; to expect
‫يرحل‬
َ ‫رحل‬
َ
to set out for travel
‫يردع‬
َ ‫ردع‬
َ
‫يرزق‬
ُ ‫َرزق‬
‫يرشد‬
ُ ‫رشد‬
َ
‫رعى يرعى‬
‫رفَع يرفَع‬
‫رقِي يرقى‬
to keep something at bay
to provide (sustenance)
to be on the right track
to take care of / watch over
to lift/raise
to ascend
‫ركِب يرَكب‬
to ride; to mount/board
‫راق يروق‬
to be clear; to surpass in excellence
‫زال يزول‬
to die down
‫زال يزال‬
to stop
‫سأَل يسأَل‬
to ask
‫ب‬
ّ ‫يس‬
ّ
ُ ‫سب‬
‫يسب ِِق‬
ُ ‫سبَق‬
ِ
‫سفه يس َفه‬
‫س َقط يس ُقط‬
‫س َكن يس ُكن‬
‫سلَف يسلُف‬
‫سلِم يسلَم‬
to insult; to swear
to precede
to be stupid
to fall
to dwell; to be still
to be over/done
to be safe; to be sound/correct
Exercise: find words from the above list that can be used in place of the following (but are not
necessarily synonyms).



to interrogate
to elevate
please




to
to
to
to
be complete
climb
be enlightened
push away
Arabic
ِ
‫يسمع‬
َ ‫مسع‬
‫ساء يسوء‬
‫س ِوي يسوى‬
English
to hear
to be/become bad/evil
to be equal; to be smooth and the like
‫سار يسري‬
to travel (by night)
‫سال يسيل‬
to flow
‫يسجع‬
ُ ‫شجع‬
ُ
ِ ‫ش ّد‬
‫يش ّد‬
ِ
‫يشرب‬
َ ‫شرب‬
‫شرط يش ِر ُِط‬
َ
ِ
‫يشرك‬
َ ‫شرك‬
‫شعر يشعُر‬
َ
‫شغَل يشغَل‬
‫يشهد‬
َ ‫ش ِهد‬
ِ ‫صرب‬
‫يصرب‬
َ
‫صحا يصحو‬
‫صلَح يصلُح‬
‫صنَع يصنَع‬
ِ ‫ضج‬
‫يض ّج‬
ّ
‫ضرب يض ِرب‬
َ
‫ضعُف يضعُف‬
to be brave/encouraged
to be firm/solid/intense/violent/etc
to drink
to stipulate; many other meanings
to share
to feel (an emotion)
to preoccupy (someone)
to witness; to testify
to be patient; other meanings
to regain consciousness; to wake up
to be proper/righteous
to make; other meanings
to be noisy
to hit; other meanings
to be weak
Exercise: find words from above with a meaning opposite (or contrary to) the following.




to ignore
to demolish
to be greedy / to be the only one doing something
to be strong




to
to
to
to
be
be
go
be
quiet
thirsty
to sleep
coarse
Arabic
ِ
‫يضمن‬
َ ‫ضمن‬
English
to guarantee/be liable
‫ضاع يضيع‬
to lose one’s way
‫ضاق يضيق‬
to be tight/narrow/etc
‫يطرح‬
َ ‫طرح‬
َ
‫يطرق‬
ُ ‫طرق‬
َ
ِ
‫يطعم‬
َ ‫طعم‬
‫طلَب يطلُب‬
‫طلَع يطلُع‬
‫طهر يطهُ َِر‬
َ
to toss; to cull
to knock
to taste
to look for
to rise (e.g. the sun); to ascend
to be clean/pure
‫طاق يطوق‬
to able (to do something)
‫طاب يطيب‬
to be good/pleasant/agreeable/etc
‫طار يطري‬
to fly
‫ظن يظُ ّن‬
ّ
‫يظهر‬
َ ‫ظهر‬
َ
‫عبَد يعبُد‬
‫يعرب‬
ُ ‫عرب‬
َ
ِ
‫يعجب‬
َ ‫عجب‬
‫ع ّد يعُ ّد‬
ِ ‫عدل‬
‫يعدل‬
َ
ِ ‫ع َذر‬
‫يعذر‬
to know; to assume/believe
to be apparent/manifest
to worship
to traverse
to be amazed
to count/enumerate; to consider among
to be fair
to excuse/forgive
Exercise: write a short sentence in Arabic on each of the following topics using at least one of
the above words in each sentence; this exercise may be skipped by beginners



the current economic situation
whether universities should be private or state-run
how a servant can gain a close relationship with his lord

the effective of poorly chosen friends
Arabic
‫عرف يع ِرف‬
َ
ِ
‫عطش يعطَش‬
ِ ‫ع َقد‬
‫يعقد‬
‫علِق يعلَق‬
‫علِم يعلَم‬
ِ
‫يعمل‬
َ ‫عمل‬
‫عاد يعود‬
‫عاق يعوق‬
‫غر يغُّر‬
ّ
ِ
‫يغضب‬
َ ‫غضب‬
ِ ‫غ َفر‬
‫يغفر‬
‫غلَب يغلِب‬
‫غلَق يغلِق‬
‫غاب يغيب‬
‫فتَح يفتَح‬
‫ّفر ِيفّر‬
‫يفرق‬
ُ ‫َفرق‬
ِ
‫يفشل‬
َ ‫فشل‬
ِ ‫فصل‬
‫يفصل‬
َ
‫يفضل‬
ُ ‫فضل‬
َ
English
to know/recognize
to be thirsty
to tie/knot/lock/etc; other meanings
to hang; to be hung; to cling
to know
to do/work
to return
to hinder
to mislead
to become angry
to forgive
to overpower/conquer
to lock; to close
to disappear
to open
to flee
to separate/divide
to lose heart; to fail
to detach
to be better
Exercise: how can the following meanings be achieved (theoretically at least) by using the above
words in advanced verb paradigms?



to make someone angry
to be preferable
to be fragmented



to introduce someone to someone else
to commence/open a symposium
to recognize each other
Arabic
English
‫ف َقد يف ُقد‬
to lose something
‫فات يفوت‬
‫فاض يفيض‬
‫قبَض يقبِض‬
‫قبِل يقبَل‬
‫قتَل يقتُل‬
ِ ‫قدر‬
‫يقدر‬
َ
ِ
‫يقدم‬
َ ‫قدم‬
‫يقرأ‬
َ ‫َقرأ‬
ِ ‫قسم‬
‫يقسم‬
َ
ِ ‫قصد‬
‫يقصد‬
َ
‫قضى يقضي‬
‫قطَع يقطَع‬
‫قعد يقعُد‬
َ
‫قلَب يقلِب‬
to slip away
to overflow
to seize
to accept
to kill
to possess ability
to arrive
to read
to categorize
to make something a goal/aim/intention
to execute/perfume
to cut
to sit
to turn/flip/etc
‫قال يقول‬
to say
‫قام يقوم‬
to stand
‫كتَب يكتُب‬
‫كتَم يكتُم‬
ِ ‫ك َذب‬
‫يكذب‬
to write; to ordain
to hide/conceal
to lie
Exercise: how can the following meanings be achieved (theoretically at least) by using the above
words in advanced verb paradigms?



to inundate something
to become disconnected
to deem someone a liar


to want to accept someone (be a receptionist)
to boycott
Arabic
ِ
‫يكره‬
َ ‫كره‬
ِ ‫كسر‬
‫يكسر‬
َ
ِ ‫كشف‬
‫يكشف‬
َ
‫كاد يكيد‬
‫لبِس يلبَس‬
ِ
‫يلحق‬
َ ‫حلق‬
‫يلزم‬
َ ‫ل ِزم‬
ِ
‫يلعب‬
َ ‫لعب‬
‫م ّد ميُّد‬
‫مر ميُّر‬
ّ
‫س‬
ّ َ‫مس مي‬
ّ
‫مضى ميضي‬
‫مطَر ميطُر‬
‫مأل ميأل‬
‫ملَك ميلِك‬
‫منَع مينَع‬
‫ينجح‬
َ ‫جنَح‬
‫َنزل ين ِزل‬
ِ
‫نسي ينسى‬
‫ينشأ‬
َ ‫نشأ‬
َ
English
to dislike
to break
to remove a covering
to deceive/dupe
to wear
to catch up; to be joint to
to be necessary; to adhere to
to play
to extend/be long
to pass by
to touch
for something to pass
to rain
to fill up
to take/have possession / to own
to prevent
to end up successful
to descend
to forget
to grow
Exercise: how can the following derived nouns be formed given the above verbs and meanings?




filled up
the past
playground
most successful woman



very long and spread out
one who uncovers (by profession)
(theoretically) something used for breaking
Arabic
English
‫ينصح‬
َ ‫نصح‬
َ
to advise
‫ينصر‬
ُ ‫نصر‬
َ
ِ
‫ينضج‬
َ ‫نضج‬
‫نظَر ينظُر‬
‫ن َفع ين َفع‬
‫ن َقل ين ُقل‬
to help
to become mature
to look
to benefit
to move/relocate (something)
‫هنى ينهي‬
to forbid
‫انم ينوم‬
to sleep
‫نوى ينوي‬
to intend
‫هدا يهدي‬
‫هلَك يهلِك‬
‫وجب ِجيب‬
َ
‫وجد ِجيد‬
َ
ِ ‫وصل‬
‫يصل‬
َ
‫يضع‬
َ ‫وضع‬
َ
‫وقَع ي َقع‬
‫وقَف ِيقف‬
‫ولَد يلِد‬
to guide
to perish; to be annihilated
to be necessary
to find (not to look for)
to arrive; to combine/link; other meanings
to put
to fall; to occur
to stop
to give birth (even for masculine)