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HEALTH SCIENCES 365
Chapter 5 – Shoulder Joint
Bones of the Shoulder Joint
Clavicle & Scapula
Humerus
Head
Anatomical Neck
Greater Tubercle
Lesser Tubercle
Intertubercular Groove (bicipital)
Surgical Neck
Deltoid Tuberosity
Radial Groove
Med. & Lat. Supracondylar Ridges
Med. & Lat. Epicondyles
Capitulum
Trochlea
Olecranon Fossa
Coronoid Fossa
Radial Fossa
Shoulder Joint
Glenohumeral Joint (enarthrodial) (Relationship between stability and mobility)
 Glenoid Labrum _________________________________________________________
 Superior, Middle, & Inferior Glenohumeral ligaments ___________________________
 Coracohumeral ligament __________________________________________________
 Transverse Humeral ligament ______________________________________________
 Capsule _______________________________________________________________
 Subacromial bursae ______________________________________________________
Shoulder Joint Movements & Range of Motion
Abduction: 90° (180° w/ shoulder girdle)
Internal Rotation: 90°
Adduction: 75°
External Rotation: 90°
Flexion: 90° (180° w/ shoulder girdle)
Horizontal Abduction: 45°
Extension (Hyperextension): 45° - 60°
Horizontal Adduction: 130°
Movements of the Shoulder
Flexion – movement of humerus anteriorly from any
point in the saggital plane
Abduction – upward lateral movement of humerus in
the frontal plane away from body
External Rotation – movement of the humerus
laterally in the transverse plane around its long axis
away from the midline
Horizontal Adduction – movement of humerus in a
horizontal or transverse plane anteriorly and across the
chest
Extension – movement of the humerus posteriorly from
any point in saggital plane
Adduction – downward medial movement of humerus in
frontal plane toward body from abduction
Internal Rotation – movement of the humerus medially
in the transverse plane around its long axis toward the
midline
Horizontal Abduction – movement of the humerus in a
horizontal or transverse plane posteriorly away from the
chest
Myotome & Cutaneous Distribution of Axillary & Musculocutaneous Nerves
Muscles of the Shoulder
Pectoralis Major (upper fibers - claviclar head)
O. Medial half of anterior surface of clavicle
I. Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Lateral Pectoral
Pectoralis Major (lower fibers - sternal head)
O. Anterior surface costal cartilage of first six ribs & adjacent sternum
I. Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Medial Pectoral
Deltoid (anterior)
O. Anterior surface of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
I. Deltoid tuberosity
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Axillary
Deltoid (middle)
O. Lateral surface of acromion process
I. Deltoid tuberosity
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Axillary
Deltoid (posterior)
O. Lower border of spine of scapula
I. Deltoid tuberosity
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Axillary
Latissimus Dorsi
O. Spinous processes of T6-T12 and L1-L5, posterior iliac crest, posterior
sacrum, and lower 3 ribs
I. Medial lip in intertubercular groove
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Thoracodorsal
Coracobrachialis
O. Coracoid process of scapula
I. Middle of medial border of humerus
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Musculocutaneous
*Subscapularis
O. Subscapular fossa of scapula
I. Lesser tubercle of humerus
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Upper and Lower Subscapular
*Supraspinatus
O. Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of humerus (upper facet)
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Suprascapular
*Infraspinatus
O. Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of humerus (posterior middle facet)
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Suprascapular
*Teres Minor
O. Posteriorly on the upper lateral border of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of humerus (posterior middle facet)
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Axillary
Teres Major
O. Lower 1/3 lateral border of scapula & just superior to inferior angle
I. Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus (posterior to lats)
A. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
N. Lower Subscapular
*Rotator Cuff (SITS)
a. Rotation force on the humerus
b. Stabilization of head of humerus in glenoid fossa
c. Deceleration (eccentric) of humerus following forceful concentric motions
 Injuries: Etiology: Repetitive movement of upper limb above horizontal resulting
in recurrent inflammation (musculotendinous junction tears) of the rotator cuff
(supraspinatus impingement on coracoacromial arch)
Pull-up:
1. Primary mover: ______________________
2. Grip Differences
 Supinated grip - _______________________________________________________
 Pronated grip - ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. Muscle involvement differences?
Supinated Grip
(Saggital plane - extension)
Pronated Grip
(Frontal plane - adduction)
Conditions/Deviations
Shoulder Dislocation
1. Mechanism of Injury (MOI):
a. Soft tissue damage
b. Nerve damage
2. Position/support of injured extremity:
Subacromial Bursitis: Pain occurs during 50° to 130° abduction