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Alexander The Great
Tommy & Chris
The Beginning of Alexander the
Great
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Alexander the Great also known as Alexander
III of Macedon was born on July 20, 356 BCE.
Alexander was born in Pella, Macedon
He is the son of the king Phillip II of Macedon,
and the father of Alexander IV of Macedon.
In Alexander’s childhood he was raised by a
nurse called Lanike. He was also tutored by
Leonidas, a relative of his mother Olympias, at a
young age.
When Alexander was ten years old his father
was buying horse, but it couldn’t tamed. So he
ordered the horse to be returned immediately.
Alexander went over to the horse and noticed it
was afraid of its own shadow. So he asked his
father if he could have a chance on trying to
tame the horse. Eventually Alexander tamed the
horse and his father was so proud of him he
kept the horse for Alexander, and later said “My
boy, you must find a kingdom big enough for
your ambitions. Macedon is too small for you.”
According to “Life of Alexander” written by
Plutarch
Plutarch
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Plutarch also known Lucius
Mestrius Plutarchus was born in
46 AD in Chaeronea, Boetia
Plutarch occupation was being
biographer, essayist, and priest.
Plutarch was an official Roman
citizen.
Plutarch had many great works
such as: Life of Theseus, Life of
Romulus, Themistocles, Camillus,
Life of Julius Caesar, and the Life
of Alexander.
These works are biographies.
Plutarch died in 120 AD in Delphi,
Phocis.
Alexander’s Youth
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When Alexander reached the age
of thirteen his father wanted a new
tutor.
Plato’s successor Aristotle was
offered the job by King Philip II,
and accepted.
Aristotle and Alexander used the
Temple of the Nymphs at Mieza
as a study hall.
In return for tutoring Alexander,
Philip rebuilt Aristotle’s hometown
Stageira.
Aristotle taught Alexander
medicine, religion, logic, morals,
and art.
Battle of Chaeronea
• Battle of Chaeronea was
fought in 336 BC near
Chaeronea, Boeotia.
• The Macedonians (Alexander)
were fighting the Athenians
and the people of Thebes, as
an opposing force.
• Philip II and Alexander led this
battle together while Philip
took the right side Alexander
took the left.
• It is known to be Philip II
greatest victory.
Battle of Asia Minor
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The Battle of Asia Minor was fought in 334 BC.
Alexander and 42,000 soldiers marched down to many Greek city states.
The Macedonians took over Thrace, Paionia, Illryia, and eventually the
Persian capital surrendered.
Alexander traveled south to try control the whole Ionian coast line.
Alexander was successful
Alexander’s Conquests
Battle of Syria
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The Battle of Syria was in 333 BC in Turkey.
Alexander’s army passed the Cilician Gates, and met the main Persian led
by Darius III.
Darius was forced to flee the battle because his army broke, leaving his
wife, children, mother, and treasure.
Darius after the battle offered a peace treaty asking for some of land that he
has conquered in the past.
Battle of Egypt
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The Battle of Egypt was in 332
BC in Gaza
After three unsuccessful
assaults Gaza was finally taken
by force.
But Alexander received a
shoulder wound in this battle.
After Gaza was taken all men
were killed, and women and
children were sold into slavery.
He on to his main objective
Egypt took over that too.
He was given a city named after
himself called Alexandria by the
Egyptians
Battle of Babylonia & Assyria
• The Battle of Babylonia and
Assyria was in 331 BC in
Mesopotamia.
• Alexander in this battle took
over Assyria first in which he
defeated Darius III once more.
• Darius fled the field again, but
this time Alexander chased
him all the way to Arbela.
• Instead of keeping the chase
on, Alexander and his soldiers
marched down to Babylon
• Babylon was captured
Battle of the Persian Gates
• The Battle of the Persian
Gates was in 330 BC
near Persepolis.
• The Persians blocked
Alexander and his
soldiers from getting to
Persepolis but failed.
• In the last push from the
Persians before being
conquered, fought for 30
days, but eventually was
conquered
Invasion of India
• The Invasion of India lasted
from 327 BC – 325 BC in
India.
• This is Alexander last time
leading his troops into
battle.
• Alexander started north and
moved his way south.
• Invasion of India was
successful, and Alexander
conquered nearly all of
India’s subcontinent in the
north and west of India.
Death of Alexander the Great
• Alexander died on either the
10 or 11 of June 323 BC.
• The cause is unknown but
some predictions have been
made, poison
• Alexander died in the
palace of Nebuchadnezzar
II, in Babylon.
• Alexander died at the age of
32 years old.
• Alexander was buried in a
gold casket
Kingdom of Macedon After
Alexander
• After the death of Alexander the Great some people did try to fill
place. But they were unsuccessful.
• So the Kingdom of Macedon slowly fell apart being conquered
slowly.
• The time of Alexander was over and the time of the Romans began.
Importance of Alexander’s
Conquests
• Creation of Greek Cultural Centres throughout
the known world (70 cities founded)
• Spread of Greek coinage
• Greek Language becomes the international
language of trade & commerce
• Greek and Eastern cultures mix (Hellenism)
• After his death; Empire divided in to 3 parts
• Macedonia (Greece), Egypt, Asia
Credits
• Livius.org
• Historyofmacedonia.org