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Natural
Vegetation
Sara Jones,
Mariam Soliman
and Emily Kocsis
Table of Contents
 What is Natural Vegetation
 Mixed Forest- the Maritimes
 Mixed Forest- P.E.I
 Mixed Forest- Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
 Boreal and Taiga Forests
 Boreal and Taiga Forests- Newfoundland
 The Tundra
 Bibliography
What is Natural Vegetation
 Natural Vegetation are plants that
would grow in an area in the
absence of human influence
 Different types of natural
vegetation grow in different
climates and soil conditions
 Atlantic Canada has three
different vegetation regions:
Tundra
Boreal and Taiga forests
Mixed Forests
Mixed Forest- the Maritimes
 The Maritimes provinces of Prince Edward

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
Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick’s
vegetation region is Mixed Forest
South of boreal forest contains coniferous and
deciduous trees like Spruce, Cedar, Pine,
Oak, Hemlock and birch.
Excellent Resource for lumbering industry
Mixed Forests are transition zones between
Deciduous forests and Boreal forests
Soils in mixed forest regions serve well for
farming because of the different kinds of
leaves creating humus, and a grey-brown
topsoil, rich in minerals
Precipitation is high in this region and is
appropriate for both deciduous and coniferous
trees
Mixed Forest- P.E.I
 P.E.I: gently rolling lowland, but

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in the middle of the province is
a small hilly section
Squares of small wooded
areas, patches of yellow grain
and fields of potatoes blanket
the island
Heavy logging in 1800’s
resulted in loss of P.E.I’s thick
forests, but woodlands of
maples, spruces and white
birches thrive once again
Provincial Tree- Northern Red
Oak
Wildflowers bloom from May
through October
Mixed Forest- Nova Scotia and
New Brunswick
 Nova Scotia:
 About 1.5 of the 5 million


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
Christmas trees sold North
America are cut in Nova
Scotia
Provincial tree- Red Spruce
Provincial flower- mayflower
New Brunswick:
Thick forests, western half of
the province is the
Appalachian upland, where
there are thick forests
Spruce, Fir, Pine, Maple and
Poplar cover the upland
Trees cover 90% of the
province and is an important
natural resource
Boreal and Taiga Forests
 Largest vegetation region in Canada and is south of the Tundra


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
separated by the tree line
Coniferous trees are found in the Boreal and taiga forests and
not the Tundra because there is a longer growing season and
greater precipitation
Coniferous trees are never bare, although they lose some
needles
Since they do not lose many needles, the humus is shallow and
the topsoil is a grey colour and acidic because of the needles
Leeching occurs in Boreal and Taiga Forests
White and black spruce, balsam fir, and pine grow in forest
because they do not require long growing seasons and can
overcome the cold temperatures
The northern area of the forests is known as Taiga forests, while
more southern areas of the forest are known as Boreal forests
Boreal and Taiga ForestsNewfoundland
 Newfoundland:
 Over half of Newfoundland and
Labrador are covered with
trees
 Spruce, and fir are most
abundant, while birch is
common as well
 Forests of spruce and balsam,
fir and birch cover 40% of the
island of Newfoundland, and
20% of Labrador
 Newfoundland and Labrador
experience long harsh winters,
and trees in the region rarely
grow thick or tall
The Tundra
 Tundra is the most northerly
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vegetation region
Northern Labrador is Tundra
Tundra is located above the
tree line meaning that there
are no trees grown in the
tundra because the climate
lacks much precipitation and
the climate is too cold
The majority of the tundra has
permafrost
Shrubs, mosses and lichens
grow during the short growing
season
Bibliography
 Campbell, Kumari. "New Brunswick." Minneapolis,
Minnesota: Lerner Publications Company, 1996.
 Campbell, Kumari. "Prince Edward
Island.Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications
Company, 1996.
 Clarke, Bruce, Wallace, John K. Making Connections.
Scarborough, Ontario: Prentice Hall Ginn Ontario,
1999.
 Jackson, Lawrence. "Newfoundland &
Labrador.Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner
Publications Company, 1995.