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INTRO to the ROMAN EMPIRE Partial model of the city of Rome during 4th c. CE Roman Architectural Revolution/Concrete Construction ROMAN REPUBLIC Temple of “Fortuna Virilis” (Portunus), ca. 75 BCE. Temple of “the Sibyl” or of “Vesta” Tivoli, Italy - early 1st century BCE Aulus Metellus Late 2nd - early 1st century BCE Funerary Relief with Portraits of the Gessii Rome (?), Italy - ca. 30 BC Head of a Roman patrician, from Otricoli, Italy, ca 75-50 BCE. LATE REPUBLIC TO EARLY EMPIRE Aerial view of the amphitheater, Pompeii, Italy, ca 80 BCE Chapter 10 Roman Empire 1 Brawl in the Pompeii amphitheater Pompeii, Italy, c 60-79 CE Atrium of the House of the Vettii Pompeii, Italy, second century BCE, rebuilt 62-79 CE FIRST STYLE –simulated material-marble FIRST STYLE (or Masonry Style) ROMAN WALL PAINTING SECOND STYLE – realistic wall murals using an early form of linear perspective, large ! General view of wall paintings from Cubiculum M of the Villa of Publius Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, Italy, decorated ca. 50-40 BCE Dionysiac mystery frieze, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 60-50 BCE Wall painting, from the Villa of Livia, Primaporta, Italy, ca. 30-20 BCE THIRD STYLE – framed small decorative flat 2-D images with lots of negative space Third Style wall painting from Cubiculum 15 of the Villa of Agrippa Postumus, Poscotrecase, Italy Chapter 10 Roman Empire 2 FOURTH STYLE - framed 3-D scenes unrelated to each other like pictures in an exhibition Atrium of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, second century BCE, rebuilt 62-79 CE Neptune and Amphitrite, wall mosaic in the summer triclinium of the House of Neptune and Amphitrite Herculaneum. Italy ca. 62-79 CE. Portrait of a husband and wife Pompeii, Italy 70-79 CE Still life with peaches, detail from a wall painting; Heraculaneum, Italy; 62-79 CE EARLY EMPIRE ROME Augustus of Primaporta, Early 1st Century BCE EARLY EMPIRE ROMAN Ara Pacis, 13-9 BCE. EARLY EMPIRE ROMAN. Imperial Procession Chapter 10 Roman Empire 3 Gemma Augustea, Onyx ca 1st Century CE, Maison Caree, Nimes, France, ca. 1-10 CE Pont-du-Gard, Nimes, France 19 BCE Pont-du-Gard construction Aqueduct System EARLY EMPIRE ROMAN Colosseum, 72-80 CE. Colosseum exterior Colosseum interior Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy, after 81 CE Spoils of Jerusalem, relief panel Chapter 10 Roman Empire 4 from Arch of Titus, after 81 CE Triumph of Titus, relief panel from Arch of Titus, Rome, after 81 CE HIGH ROMAN EMPIRE Forum of Trajan Rome, 106-112 CE Forum of Trajan and markets Basilica Ulpia TRAJAN’S COLUMN Celebration of Victory against the Dacians Rome, 113 CE Portrait bust of Hadrian as general, ca. 130-138 CE Hadrian’s Wall, 122-128 CE Exterior Pantheon, Rome. 125-128 CE Interior Pantheon, Rome. 125-128 CE Canopus and Serapeum, Hadrian’s Villa Chapter 10 Roman Empire 5 Al-Khazneh (“Treasury”) Petra, Jordan, Al-Khazneh (“Treasury”) Petra, Jordan, Model of an insula, Ostia Italy, Nepture and creatures of the sea, floor mosaic in baths of Nepture, Ostia Italy Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, Italy 175 CE Mummy portrait of a man Faiyum, Egypt 160-170 CE LATE ROMAN EMPIRE Portrait of Caracalla, ca. 211-217 CE. Marble, approx. 1’2” high Painted portrait of Septimius Severus and his family 200 AD, Baths of Caracalla, Rome, Italy 212- 216 CE Commodus as Hercules, ca. 191-192 AD, Chapter 10 Roman Empire 6 Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus Marble, ca. 250 CE. Portraits of the Four tetrarchs St. Mark’s, Venice, 305 CE Arch of Constantine Rome, Italy 312-315 CE Distribution of largesse, Arch of Constantine Portrait of Constantine, from the Basilica Nova Rome, Italy, 315-330 CE Basilica Nova (Basilica of Constantine), Rome Italy, ca. 306-312 CE Aula Palatina (exterior), Trier , Germany, early 4th century Coins with portraits of Constantine, billon, silver 307, 315 CE Chapter 10 Roman Empire 7