Download Propaganda, Art and Architecture Presentation

Propaganda in Nazi
Germany
What is Propaganda?
Propaganda is a form of psychological
manipulation for the benefit of someone’s
personal agenda. It involves spreading of
specific views and ideas (ideology) to
persuade others that ‘your side’ is correct.
Why was propaganda so crucial for
the Nazis?
•
•
•
Propaganda was an essential tool for
getting the Nazi message out to the public.
Hitler wanted the people to understand his
ideas.
Message was made simple and clear
Perfect tool for anti-democratic Nazis +
people who were against
Democracy
o Weimar's government
o Rational debate
o
Joseph Goebbels
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Minister of Propaganda and National Enlightenment
One of Hitler's three lieutenants
Fiercely anti-Semitic with views similar to those of Hitler
1922: became member of the Nazi party
1925: first meets and gets fascinated by Hitler
1927: made Gauleiter of Berlin
1928: made party propaganda chief
1930: elected to the Reichstag
1933: made Minister of Propaganda and National Enlightenment
Supported Hitler until the very end of the war, when he committed
suicide
Goebbels as Minister of
Propaganda
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Had complete control over all forms of
communication
Made use of mob emotions
Spread the belief that Hitler was a god-like figure
and that the German race was the superior race
Most virulent propaganda targeted at Jews
Hypnotic orator, almost as good as Hitler
Established the Reich Chamber of Commerce
Organised the "book burnings"
Best remembered for his nighttime rallies
Goebbels 5 Propaganda Principles
•
•
•
•
•
Must be interesting to the audience
Must be used at the right time and must
include a repetitive theme
Must be specific
Must be easily learnt and
boomerang-proof
Must give hope,
but should not create
false hopes.
What types of Propaganda were
used?
Propaganda was an essential tool for getting
the Nazi message out to the public. Hitler
wanted the people to understand his ideas.
he used the following:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Posters
Film
Rallies
Anti-Semitic Exhibitions
Radio
Books
Magazines
Posters
•
•
•
•
Basis of Propaganda
Cheap and easy to distribute
Placed in public areas
Constant reminder of Nazi Ideology
Film
•
•
•
Good tool to promote ideas
'The Führer Over Germany'
Used to promote
o
o
o
How Horrible the Jews were
Hitler's Greatness
True life of Germans in East Europe
Rallies
•
•
•
•
Used to celebrate Nazism
Albert Speer and Joseph Goebbels organised
rallies to showcase the might of the Nazi
Nation.
Arenas were built (claimed to hold 400,000
people)
Nuremberg Rallies:
o
o
Held from 1927 onward.
Reached up to 500,000 people
Anti-Semitic Exhibition
•
•
•
‘The Eternal Jew’
o From November 1937 to January 31st, 1938
o Over 412,000 people visited in total
Showcase typical features of a Jew
Promote anti-Semitic feelings towards Jews
Radio
•
•
•
Goebbels sold cheap radios known as 'The
People's receiver'.
Hitler's speeches broadcast over Germany
Loudspeakers put in streets, so people had
to listen to his speeches.
Books
•
•
•
Focused on anti-Semitism, Nazism and
German nationalism
Most notable book was Mein Kampf
Children’s book were also produced like Der
Giftpilz (the poisonous mushroom)
o “The following tales tell the truth about the Jewish
poison mushroom. They show the many shapes the
Jew assumes. They show the depravity and
baseness of the Jewish race. They show the Jew for
what he really is: The Devil in human form.”
Magazines
•
•
•
Signal was a propaganda magazine manufactured by
the Wehrmacht (the German Unified Forces).
It was distributed in Occupied Europe and Neutral
countries (but not Germany proper).
o Signal was a propaganda magazine manufactured
by the Wehrmacht (the German Unified Forces). It
was distributed in Occupied Europe and Neutral
countries (but not Germany proper)
Der Stümer: another propaganda magazine
o Dedicated to anti-Semitism, especially hatred of
the Jews. Motto: "The Jews are our misfortune".
Propaganda in Art
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Against modern art - Militant League for
German Culture
Featured a "true to life" hero and heroine
Glorified strong and healthy heroes
Hitler was shown as a wise, imperious
leader
Clear, direct, and heroic
1937: House of German Art
Sculptures were very important
Malverbot
Propaganda in Architecture
•
•
Hitler admired Roman Architecture and believed that
Ancient Germans had been part of its social fabric and
influenced it. He thought of the Romans as an early
Aryan Empire and he began emulating their style of
neoclassicism and art deco.
3 styles of architecture: Stage, Symbolic and Didactic
Stage
•
•
•
•
Large spaces made to incorporate masses of people
Buildings were immense, which was meant to deliver
the Nazi message (how great they were)
Mainly inspired by Greco-Roman architecture
Link to 'Blood and Soil' belief of the Nazis.
Symbolic
•
•
•
•
These German buildings were built for both form and
function
Nazis preferred traditional housing/buildings
Nazis forbade modern style buildings
Meant to house paintings and large numbers of people
Didactic
•
•
•
•
Hitler referred to architecture as "The Word in Stone
Buildings were meant to represent a new birth for
Germany
Designed to showcase importance of the community
over the individual
Not overly sized or magnificent
How Successful was Propaganda?
•
•
•
•
•
Efficiently developed and reinforced popular
prejudices
Ensured that Nazi ideologies and policies were
clearly understood and fostered a sense of
nationalism
Served as a constant reminder to the people of
the Nazis
The people only knew what the Nazis told them
and nothing else, so they were very easy to
control
Crude or oppressive propaganda was not popular