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The Story of the Times (800 BC-1485 AD) Conquest of the English Islands Pre-800 BC Islands inhabited by a group known as the Picts 800-600 BC Celts (Kelts) from Europe began invading English Islands 2 groups Brythons (Britons) settle the Big Island (England, Wales, Scotland) Gaels settle the Small Island (Ireland) Hunter-Gatherers who are loyal to local chieftains Priests known as Druids settle disputes FYI – Merlin was probably a Druid and King Arthur was Probably a Celtic chieftain 55 BC Roman armies invade led by Julius Caesar Roman rule last over 300 years off and on Build forts and road all across England Emperor Hadrian builds a wall across the middle of England for protection Romans bring Christianity to England in the 200-300s Romans leave in 407 AD, go back to Rome, but leave Christianity in place with the Celtic Church 400sNext came the Anglo-Saxons and Jutes Fisherman and farmers from Belgium and northern Germany They speak Germanic languages In 597, Saint Augustine, a Roman missionary converts the Anglo-Saxon King Ethelbert of Kent to Christianity. King Ethelbert is the first true King of England (Angelond, “land of the Anglos”) and he’s a Christian. St. Augustine sets up a monastery at Canterbury. Major Groups to Invade and Call England home: Picts Celts Romans Anglo-Saxons and Jutes (1st to think of themselves as “English” Vikings (Danes) Normans (French Viking descendents) Anglo-Saxon terms: Scop Mead Mead-hall Thane Bretwalda