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Unit 3 Study Guide
EEn 2.5.1,2,3,4 – The Atmosphere, Air
Masses, and Weather Systems
1.
Name ________________________
Grade ______%
Period 1 2 3 4 October 9th, 2013
Score ______/100
Identify the 4 layers of the atmosphere and the event(s) that occur in each.
Atmospheric Layer
Event(s)
a. _____________________________________________________
________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________
________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________
________________________________
d. _____________________________________________________
________________________________
2. What is the composition of the present earth's atmosphere (gases) in order from most to least abundant?
a.
(most abundant)
b.
c.
d.
(least abundant)
3. Why are the warmest temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere found closest to Earth’s surface and not the closest to the
sun? (Hint: There are 3 reasons)
a. _______________________________________
c. _______________________________________
b. _______________________________________
4. Why does the temperature of the stratosphere increase the farther away it is from Earth’s surface? _____________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Determine the name of each type of air mass given below.
a. Hot, dry _____________________________
B
C
A
b. Hot, humid __________________________
D
c. Cold, dry ____________________________
d. Cold, humid _________________________
e. Which air mass is found only at North Pole
F
___________________________
f.
Identify the type of air masses seen on the picture to the
E
G
right.
A ___________________
D ___________________
F ___________________
B ___________________
E ___________________
G ___________________
C ___________________
6. Which type of weather front is classified by severe thunderstorms over a short period of time? Circle one:
Warm or Cold
7. What causes wind?
8. Match the definition with the word from below that best fits:
a. __________________- winds that blow across the equator and disperse warm air throughout the earth; traditionally used by ship
captains to sail across the world’s oceans
b. ___________________- a low pressure area around the equator where the winds are calm
c.
______________________- dominant winds between 30o and 60o N and S that blow from high pressure areas to the poles
d.
______________________- fast moving, narrow air current created by the Coriolis effect and atmospheric heating
e. ____________________- instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
Barometer
Jet streams
Prevailing westerlies
Doldrums
Trade winds
9. Identify which symbol represents which type of weather front on a weather map.
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
10. Match the following weather fronts given below to their corresponding weather patterns that are described below.
Weather Front
Description
a. _____ Warm
1. Produces light rain that may last for several days.
b. _____ Cold
2. Produces heavy thunderstorms.
c. _____ Stationary
3. Produces heavy thunderstorms that are followed by several days of light rain.
d. _____ Occluded
4. Produces light rain for a day or two.
11. What is a middle-latitude cyclone? __________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Which type of weather front produces these storms? ___________________________________________________
12. Describe the 3 stages of a thunderstorm.
a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
13. Define a tornado. ________________________________________________________________________________
14. List the three major cloud types, at what altitude they are found, and what their name means in Latin
a.
b.
c.
15. Use the diagram to the right to answer the following questions.
a. Which letter represents the area where the
A
pressure is the lowest? _____
D
b. Identify which letter represents each of the
following parts of a hurricane.
C
E
i. Eye _____
ii. Eye Wall ____
iii. Rain Bands _____
B
c. Where is the storm surge located? _____
16. What are the 3 stages of a hurricane?
a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
EEn 2.5.4 – Weather Maps and Predictions
1. What are the weather conditions that are explained by the diagrams below?
(Blue)
a.
(Red)
______________________________
b.
______________________________
2. Using the weather map to the right, answer the
following questions.
a. Put an “X” by the high pressure areas.
b. Circle the low pressure areas.
c. Place an “M” by the occluded front that is
developing into a middle-latitude cyclone.
d. Place an “S” by the stationary front.
e. Place a “C” by the cold fronts.
f.
What are isobars? ____________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
EEn 2.5.5, 2.6.1,2,3 – Pollution, Climate Changes, Global Warming, and Ozone Depletion
1. What is air pollution? ____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Why is carbon dioxide not considered a pollutant? _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Explain in your own words how the Earth’s atmosphere is like a greenhouse.
3. What are the 3 main greenhouse gases that are in our atmosphere?
a. _____________________
b. _____________________
c. _____________________
4. How does the Sun heat our atmosphere? (There are 3 steps involved)
a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the difference between weather and climate?
6. What are the 3 main human actions and 1 natural action that release greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and lead
to global warming?
a. _______________________________________
c. _______________________________________
b. _______________________________________
d. _______________________________________
7. What are the 3 main effects of global warming?
a. _____________________
b. _____________________
c. _____________________
8. OZONE:
a. Where is the ozone layer located? _________________________
b. What is it comprised of? (list compound name and formula) ___________________________
c. What does the ozone protect us from? (be very specific) _______________________________
d. What are the number one causes of ozone depletion and what can they be found in?
e. Why is ozone depletion NOT related to global warming?
ANALOGIES!!!
1. CFC’s are to _______________________, as greenhouse gases are to global warming
2. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is to ________________, as methane gas (CH4) is to the greenhouse effect
3. O3 is to photochemical smog, as ___________ is to industrial smog
4. Ocean currents are to water pollution, as ____________ is to air pollution.
5. Thunderstorms are to _____________________clouds, as picnics are to cumulus clouds.
~DON’T FORGET TO STUDY TONIGHT!! YOU ARE GOING TO DO GREAT!!~
Unit 8 Study Guide
Objective 5.01 – The Atmosphere, Air
Masses, and Weather Systems
1.
Name Answer Key
Grade ______%
Period 1 2 3 4 October 9th, 2013
Score ______/100
Identify the 4 layers of the atmosphere and the event(s) that occur in each.
Atmospheric Layer
Event(s)
a.
Troposphere
Weather
b.
Stratosphere
Planes Fly, Ozone
c.
Mesosphere
Meteors
d.
Thermosphere
Aurora
2. What is the composition of the present earth's atmosphere (gases) in order from most to least abundant?
a. Nitrogen
(most abundant)
b. Oxygen
c. Argon
d. Carbon Dioxide
(least abundant)
3. Why are the warmest temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere found closest to Earth’s surface and not the closest to the
sun? (Hint: There are 3 reasons)
a. Heat is given off of Earth
c. The greenhouse gases help warm the
b. Global warming is increasing the temperature
atmosphere
4. Why does the temperature of the stratosphere increase the farther away it is from Earth’s surface? The ozone
layer absorbs much of the sun’s radiation, causing the temperature to increase
5. Determine the name of each type of air mass given below.
a. Hot, dry Continental (=dry) Tropical (=hot)
B
C
A
b. Hot, humid Maritime (=humid) Tropical
D
c. Cold, dry Continental Polar (=cold)
d. Cold, humid Maritime Polar
e. Which air mass is found only at North Pole
f.
Arctic
F
Identify the type of air masses seen on the picture to the
E
right.
A Maritime Polar
D Continental
B Continental Polar
Polar
C Maritime Polar
E Maritime Tropical
G
F Continental Tropical
G Maritime Tropical
6. Which type of weather front is classified by severe thunderstorms over a short period of time?
Warm or Cold
7. What causes wind?- Wind is caused by the change in horizontal air pressure and the differences in air temperature
8. Match the definition with the word from below that best fits:
a. ___Trade Winds_____- winds that blow across the equator and disperse warm air throughout the earth; traditionally used by ship
captains to sail across the world’s oceans
b. __Doldrums___- a low pressure area around the equator where the winds are calm
c.
_Prevailing Westerlies___- dominant winds between 30o and 60o N and S that blow from high pressure areas to the poles
d.
_Jet Streams__- fast moving, narrow air current created by the Coriolis effect and atmospheric heating
e. _Barometer_- instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
Barometer
Jet streams
Prevailing westerlies
9. Identify which symbol represents which type of weather front on a weather map.
Cold Front
Warm Front
Doldrums
Trade winds
Stationary Front
Occluded Front
10. Match the following weather fronts given below to their corresponding weather patterns that are described below.
Weather Front
Description
a.
4
Warm
1. Produces light rain that may last for several days.
b.
2
Cold
2. Produces heavy thunderstorms.
c.
1
Stationary
3. Produces heavy thunderstorms that are followed by several days of light rain.
d.
3
Occluded
4. Produces light rain for a day or two.
11. What is a middle-latitude cyclone? A severe summer storm that is created by the colliding of 3 air masses (2 cold
masses surround 1 warm air mass) Which type of weather front produces these storms? Occluded Front
12. Describe the 3 stages of a thunderstorm.
a. Cumulus Stage – the formation of the cumulus cloud that creates the thunderstorm; caused by warm, moist air
being pushed upward quickly
b. Mature Stage – the actual thunderstorm: produces lightning, high winds, heavy rain, possible hail
c. Dissipating Stage – when the storm clouds break up
13. Define a tornado. A severe windstorm that creates a vortex of high winds
14. List the three major cloud types, at what altitude they are found, and what their name means in Latin
a.
A Cirrus- greater than 20,000 ft—in Latin = curl (thin, wispy clouds found way up in the sky)
b.
A Stratus- below 7,000 ft—In Latin = blanket (clouds form a grey blanket over the sky)
c. A Cumulus- below 7,000 ft—In Latin = pile, heap (clouds stack on each other, form cumulonimbus clouds)
15. Use the diagram to the right to answer the following questions.
a. Which letter represents the area where the
A
pressure is the lowest? A
D
b. Identify which letter represents each of the
following parts of a hurricane.
E
C
i. Eye C
ii. Eye Wall D
iii. Rain Bands E
B
c. Where is the storm surge located? B
16. What are the 3 stages of a hurricane?
a. Tropical Depression – clusters of thunderstorms around a low pressure area (created over warm oceans)
b. Tropical Storm – the clusters of thunderstorms merge into one large storm system
c. Hurricane – winds exceed 119 km/hr (74 mph)
Objective 5.02 – Weather Maps and Predictions
1. What are the weather conditions that are explained by the diagrams below?
(Blue)
a.
(Red)
High pressure and cold, dry air
b.
Low pressure and warm, moist air
2. Using the weather map to the right, answer the
M
following questions.
a. Put an “X” by the high pressure areas.
b. Circle the low pressure areas.
C
c. Place an “M” by the occluded front that is
developing into a middle-latitude cyclone.
C
d. Place an “S” by the stationary front.
e. Place a “C” by the cold fronts.
f.
S
What are isobars? Lines on a weather
map that show areas with the same air
pressure
Objective 5.03 – Climate Changes and Global Warming
1.
What is air pollution? Anything that is released into the atmosphere that can cause damage to natural habitats
or endanger the health of any living organism (plants, animals, humans)
Why is carbon dioxide not considered a pollutant? Carbon dioxide is naturally found in the atmosphere
2. Explain in your own words how the Earth’s atmosphere is like a greenhouse. – the atmosphere traps heat the same
way a green house traps heat. Light energy comes in and heat energy is retained by air molecules
3. What are the 3 main greenhouse gases that are in our atmosphere?
a. Carbon Dioxide
b. Water Vapor
c. Methane
4. How does the Sun heat our atmosphere? (There are 3 steps involved)
a. Radiation – transfer of energy (heat) by electromagnetic waves (i.e. fire)
b. Conduction – transfer of energy through objects touching each other (i.e. cooking on the stove)
c. Convection – transfer of energy through water or air circulation (i.e. cooking in the oven)
5. What is the difference between weather and climate?
“Climate is what you expect, weather is what you get”… weather=daily, climate=long term
6. What are the 4 3 main human actions that release greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and lead to global
warming?
a. Transportation
c. Farming (raising cattle)
b. Industry
d. Volcanoes – natural activity
7. What are the 3 4 main effects of global warming?
a. Temperature increase
b. Drought
c. Destruction of Habitat & Extinction of Species
d. Rising Sea Level
9. OZONE:
a. Where is the ozone layer located? __In the stratosphere
b. What is it comprised of? (list compound name and formula) __Ozone, O3_
c. What does the ozone protect us from? (be very specific) __Ultraviolet radiation (UVA and UVB radiation from
the sun_
d. What are the number one causes of ozone depletion and what can they be found in?
CFC’s—Chlorofluorocarbons—they are found in aerosols
e. Why is ozone depletion NOT related to global warming?
Ozone depletion is the removal of Ozone from the stratosphere.. global warming is caused by increased
greenhouse gases in the troposphere…
ANALOGIES!!!
6. CFC’s are to _ozone depletion_, as greenhouse gases are to global warming
7. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is to _acid rain__, as methane gas (CH4) is to the greenhouse effect
8. O3 is to photochemical smog, as _H2SO4_ is to industrial smog
9. Ocean currents are to water pollution, as _wind_ is to air pollution.
10. Thunderstorms are to _cumulonimbus _clouds, as picnics are to cumulus clouds.