Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
CARBOHYDRATES Simple and Complex Six Essential Nutrients Nutrients are substances found in food that are essential for growth and energy. There are SIX basic essential nutrients: Carbohydrates Fat Protein Vitamins Minerals Water Types of Carbs Carbohydrates can be broken down into three categories: Simple Carbs (Sugars) Complex Carbs (Starches) Fiber (a form of complex carb) Simple- Sugars Simple carbohydrates are also called sugars. These are broken down and digested very quickly. Examples include: table sugar, fruit, fruit juice, sugary drinks, milk Complex- Starches Complex carbohydrates are also called starches. These take longer to digest and provide sustained energy. Examples include: whole grains, cereal products, dried beans, rice, pasta Carbohydrates (Carbs) Complex carbohydrates break down into simple sugars in the digestion process The primary function of Carbohydrates is to provide energy. Carbohydrates provide 4 calories per gram. Types of Sugar 11. Label the Wheat Kernel below: A.__ENDOSPERM___ Provides: Starch Protein B. __GERM___ Provides: Unsaturated Fatty Acids “B” Vitamins Vitamin E Iron Zinc Other Trace Minerals C. __Bran___ Provides: Fiber Vitamins Minerals Fiber Fiber is a form of complex carbohydrate Fiber, also known as roughage or cellulose, attracts water to our intestines and moves food through the intestines faster. Fiber Fiber helps to keep bowel movements soft in form and reduces problems related to constipation. Non-digestible fiber is also known as cellulose. It is found in foods such as wheat bran, whole grains and nuts It is important to drink plenty of liquids, otherwise fiber can slow down or even block normal bowel function. Fiber and Cancer The National Cancer Institute recommends 20-35 grams of daily fiber. Fiber may reduce the risks of diverticulosis, colon and rectal cancer. It is important to drink plenty of liquids, otherwise fiber can slow down or even block normal bowel function. Fiber Foods high in fiber: fruits and vegetables (especially the skins or peels), whole grains, legumes, bran cereals, dry beans, nuts, split peas and lentils To increase the bulk in low-fiber foods use whole grains, ie: brown rice instead of white, whole wheat flour, flax seed Types of rice Brown Instant Long grain Short grain The whole grain form of rice Precooked and then dehydrated Stays dry and fluffy Sticks together and is also known as “sticky rice” Rice cooking method Method 1: Bring water to a boil, add rice, cover the pan and reduce heat to a simmer Method 2: Place rice and water in pan, bring all ingredients to a boil, cover pan and reduce heat to simmer Do not remove the lid while rice is cooking One cup of uncooked rice makes three cups of cooked rice (Ratio is 1:3) Pasta Pasta dishes are usually low cost entrees Store dry pasta in a tightly covered container at room temperature. Fresh or cooked pasta should be stored in a closed container in the refrigerator Pasta cooking method Bring water to a boil Slowly add pasta so the boiling does not stop Cook uncovered until pasta is al dente (firm to the tooth), stirring occasionally One cup of uncooked pasta makes two cups of cooked pasta. (Ratio is 1:2) Carbohydrates (Carbs) We get most of our carbs from the grains group. Almost all of our carbohydrates come from plant food sources.