Download external physical processes

PHYSICAL
PROCESSES
Learning Goal 2: Describe how internal and
external physical processes create
landforms and shape patterns in the
physical environment.
CRITERIA FOR SUCCESS:
•Describe the physical processes that affect the environment.
•Examine the physical processes that affect the lithosphere, atmosphere,
hydrosphere, and biosphere.
•Describe the characteristics of different landforms and the physical processes
that cause their development.
ESSENTIAL ? (LEFT SIDE OF NOTES)

What are the physical processes that affect the
Earth’s environment?
Internal Forces, such as…
 External Forces, such as…

INTERNAL PHYSICAL PROCESSES
•
Internal processes are events that occur within
(under) the earth’s surface, specifically plate
tectonics.
•
Volcanoes, mountains, rift valleys, and islands are
the result of these processes.
TECTONIC FORCES
•
•
•
The earth’s crust (lithosphere) is made up of
tectonic plates that move over the hot flexible
layer of the upper mantle. As the plates move
they shape the physical features of the earth.
Tectonic plates are large slabs of ? And they?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCpeF1ZJ7_M
TECTONIC FORCES: TYPES OF
BOUNDARIES
Convergent- Collision (Slam Convergent-Subduction
Together)
(one under the other)
Divergent (Go away from
each other)
Transforming/Faulting (slide
past each other)
EXTERNAL PHYSICAL PROCESSES
•
External processes are those that occur outside
the earth’s crust including…
•
Weather
Weathering vs. Erosion
Deposition-deltas
•
Soil building
•
•
WEATHER
•
Weather is the condition of the atmosphere
(temperature and precipitation) at a particular
location and time.
WEATHERING VS. EROSION
•
•
•
Weathering breaks down rock.
Erosion then occurs when weathered material
(soil, rocks, etc.) is moved by the action of wind,
water, and ice. Erosion carries the material
away.
Material (soil, rocks, etc) is moved by one of these
agents to another location.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyysL02ZvQ8
TYPES OF EROSION
Weathering breaks down rock, soil,
etc.
WATER (BIGGEST FORCE OF
EROSION)
Running water & Wave action:
EROSION MOVES THE MATERIAL CANYONS
ACROSS THE EARTH’S SURFACE
WIND EROSION
Moves & deposits sediment:
DUNES
ICE EROSION
Moves & leaves debris behind:
Carves out GLACIERS &
VALLEYS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p
yS9SvfZGrQ
SOIL-BUILDING PROCESS
•
Soil is…
the loose mixture of weathered rock, organic matter,
air, and water that support plant vegetation.
• Weathering and erosion are part of the process that
builds soil.
•
SOIL-Building:
• Soil is What?
• How is it created?
• Essential ?= Why is soil important?
•
Earth’s Four
Spheres
Atmosphere = Air
Biosphere = Life
Air that surrounds the Earth.
Wherever there are living organisms.
The atmosphere is most affected by wind currents.
(People, plants & animals)
Hydrosphere = Water
Wherever there is water: river, lakes, ponds, oceans,
etc.
The hydrosphere is affected by ocean currents.
Lithosphere = Rock
Includes the earth’s crust & upper mantle
The lithosphere is affected by many processes, both
internal (plate tectonics) and external (weather,
erosion, soil building).
LANDFORMS
•
•
•
Landforms are naturally formed features on the
surface (lithosphere) of the earth.
There are many different types of landforms,
both oceanic (water) and continental (land). The
major feature that designates different landforms
is relief.
What is RELIEF??