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Chapter 6, Section 4: California Geology 1. bathalith: a large mass of igneous rock in Earth’s crust 2. Accreted terrane: a piece of lithosphere that becomes part of a larger landmass when tectonic plates collide at a convergent boundary. Building California by Plate Tectonics: Main Idea: Notes: -How has Plate Tectonics affected California? *Compression along the plate boundaries has produced many of the rugged mountains along with steep, rocky coastlines and basins that lie in between these mountain ranges. -How did California come about *The area that we know as California has been an it’s geologic history? active plate boundary for more than 225 million years. * due to the existence of 3 plates: North American Plate, Farallon Plate, and the Pacific Plate. *A convergent boundary existed between the North American Plate and the Farallon Plate. The Farallon Plate subducted beneath the North American Plate. As the Farallon Plate subducted the Pacific Plate moved closer to the North American Plate. Once the Pacific and North American Plates touched, a Transform Boundary was born. How were the Cascade The Juan de Fuca Plate has subducted under the Mountains formed? North American Plate creating a convergent boundary in Northern California, Oregon, and Washington. This boundary created the Cascade Mountains. Accreted Terrane: The chunks of lithosphere that are scraped off of subducting plates and are added to the edge of a continent. The rocks west of the Sierra Nevada are thought to be pieces of accreted terrane which carry most of California’s gold. The San Andreas Fault System: -The largest and most famous transform plate boundary in the world. -Most of California is on the North American Plate. A small section, west of the San Andreas Fault is on the Pacific Plate. -Along the San Andreas Fault, the Pacific Plate is moving northwest while the North American Plate is moving southeast. -Compression in Southern California. The fault has a huge bend as it passes east of the city of Los Angeles. The bend causes the boundaries to collide and form mountains and valleys. This is how the Los Angeles Basin was formed.