Download Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes1

ELECTROLYTES AND
NONELECTROLYTES
ELECTROLYTES
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Definition and properties:
A substance that dissolves in
water and conducts an
electric current. (Has mobile
ions)
NONELECTROLYTES
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Definition and properties:
A substance that dissolves in
water and does not produce
an electric current. (No
mobile ions)
ELECTROLYTES
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Examples: Acids, bases and salts
A. Strong Electrolyte: Dissociates
completely into ions.
Strong acids: large ka (table K—HCl,
HNO3,H2SO4,HBr &HI)
Strong Bases: large Kb (table F—soluble
hydroxides)
Soluble salts: large ksp (table F-soluble
salts)
B. Weak Electrolyte:
Doesn’t dissociate completely into ions
Weak acids: small ka (all the rest)
Weak bases: small kb (table F-insoluble
hydroxides)
Insoluble salts: small ksp (table Finsoluble salts)
NONELECTROLYTES
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Alcohols (CxHyOH, suffic –ol)
Glycerin
Sugars (CxHyOz)
Note:
Dissociate: ionic substances
dissociate (break down) into
ions.
Ionize: Molecular substances
need water to produce ions.
CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING AS
NONELECTROLYTES, STRONG ELECTROLYTES OR
WEAK ELECTROLYTES:
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HCl
water
NaCl (s)
NaCl (aq)
Vinegar
NaOH (s)
NaOH (aq)
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Sugar (s)
Sugar (aq)
Calcium carbonate (s)
Calcium carbonate (aq)
Ethanol
Magnesium hydroxide(s)
Magnesium hydroxide
(aq)
Nonelectrolytes
•Water
•Sodium
hydroxide (s)
•Sodium
chloride (s)
•Sugar (s)
•Sugar (aq)
•Calcium
carbonate (s)
•Ethanol
•Magnesium
hydroxide (s)
Strong
Electrolytes
Weak
Electrolytes
•HCl
•Sodium
hydroxide (aq)
•Sodium
chloride (aq)
•Vinegar
•Calcium
carbonate
(aq)
•Magnesium
hydroxide (aq)