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The Doomed Empire - Austria and HungaryMARCH OF THE TITANS A HISTORY OF THE WHITE RACE
Chapter 39 : The Doomed Empire: Austria and Hungary
The histories of Austria and Hungary have been intertwined for nearly 1900
years: First as part of the Roman Empire, then both invaded by successive waves
of Asiatic non-White invaders; then united as the Austro-Hungarian Empire; and
then as German satellites during the Second World War. Both nations have
dramatically influenced the course of events in Europe, and some of the most
important racial battles which kept the Huns, Avars and Ottomans from destroying
Europe, were fought on Austrian and Hungarian soil. No overview of White history
can then afford not to review the progress of these nations.
PART ONE: PRE-EMPIRE AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY
ANCIENT AUSTRIA - SITE OF HALSTATT AND URNFELD CULTURES
Austria was the site of not only an Old European culture which left scattered
megalithic monuments in the country, but also some of the most famous early iron
age sites in Europe: excavations at Hallstatt near Salzburg have produced some
of the best preserved early Indo-European artefacts - an intricate wagon being
the most famous, although pottery and other items have also been recovered, all
dating from before 1000 BC.
As a result of the place in which they were found, these artefacts are known
generally as the Hallstatt Culture. Similarly, other early Indo-European finds
in the region have become known as the Urnfeld Culture - the existence of many
grave sites containing urns and intricate pottery giving rise to this name.
ROMAN OCCUPATION
The Celtic tribes occupying the area now known as Austria were quickly overrun
in 15 BC by the expanding Romans. Recognizing the region as holding the natural
defenses to northern Italy, the Romans built a number of important forts and
towns in Austria, some of which have survived to become modern day Austrian
towns.
GERMANIC INVASIONS AFTER ROMAN DECLINE
The Romans never managed to conquer the Germanic tribes lying to the north of
Austria, and by the time of the decline of the Romans, these Germanic tribes had
started invading Austria as well, starting around the year 166 AD.
The last Roman frontier outposts collapsed by the 4th Century AD, and the entire
region was taken over by Germanics from the north.
Thereafter followed a period of traditional Germanic tribalism, with each region
having its own king, often at war with one another.
CHARLEMAGNE AND THE EASTERN MARK
During the 8th Century, the Frankish King Charlemagne conquered the region,
Christianized it at sword point and created military bases in the eastern
regions to serve as a buttress against the invading Asiatics whom he had
defeated in their attempt to overrun White Europe.
OTTO I FOUNDS AUSTRIA 955 AD
When the Asiatic Magyars were defeated by the German king, Otto I, at the Battle
of the Lechfeld in 955 AD, the German monarch created a new formal government in
Charlemagne's Ostmark. In this way the country of Austria began to take form. In
addition to this, Otto I was also named by the Pope as Emperor of the refounded
Holy Roman Empire in the same year.
Right: Otto I (912-973 AD), the founder of Austria: He defeated the non-White
Asiatic Magyar invasion at the Battle of Lechfeld in 955 AD, and thereafter
created a formal government in the region now known as Austria. Otto's other
exploits were legion - in 951 AD he marched to Italy to assist Adelaide, the
widowed Queen of Lombardy, against a usurper, one Berengar II. Otto defeated
Berengar and married Adelaide, thereby becoming ruler of northern Italy. When he
returned to Germany, he crushed a rebellion of nobles led by his son Liudolf,
and halted a Hungarian invasion in 955 AD. In 962 AD he was crowned Holy Roman
emperor - but the next year he deposed Pope John XII and had Leo VIII elected in
his stead. His other son - a faithful one - married Theophano, daughter of the
Byzantine emperor Romanus II.
THE HOUSES OF BABENBURG AND HABSBURG
Under the rule of two German noble houses, the Babenburgs and the Habsburgs, the
Austrian Empire gradually increased in size and improved its infrastructure:
although a period of unrest followed the death of the last Babenburg, this was
halted by the first Habsburg king, Rudolf I, who, after defeating Bohemian
forces attempting to annex the country, established the Habsburg dynasty which
was to dominate Austrian history until its collapse in 1919.
By the mid 1550s, the Habsburg Empire had in fact grown so large in territorial
terms, that it included Spain. It was then divided into two administrative parts
- a Spanish and Austrian branch under separate Habsburg rulers.
THE THIRTY YEARS WAR - HOUSE OF HABSBURG DEFEATED
The spread of the Protestant rebellion against Catholicism spread to the
Austrian Empire. In 1618 a Protestant rebellion became a European wide conflict
known as the Thirty Years' War.
This conflict was fought mainly on German soil, after a Catholic king of Austria
had been deposed by Protestant rebels. A third of all of Germany's population
was killed in this battle between Catholic and Protestant. Ultimately, the House
of Habsburg were defeated at the end of the Thirty Years' War, and by the Treaty
of Westphalia in 1648, their centralized control of the Empire was reduced to a
loose union of independent states.
Left: A Great White Hero: Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663-1736). Although always
thought of as an Austrian general, he was in fact born in Paris of French
parents. His mother was, however, exiled by the French King Louis XIV, and
Eugene renounced his French citizenship and joined the Austrian army. He took
part in many intra-continental European wars, notably against the armies of
Louis XIV, but it was his continual victories against the non-White Turks that
brought him his greatest fame. In 1697, as commander of the Austrian army in
Hungary, he utterly defeated the non-Whites at the Battle of Senta. In 1716 he
again led an army - this time consisting of Hungarians - against the Turks and
defeated them at the battles of Peterwardein, Timisoara and Belgrade. In 1781 he
led a decisive rout of the non-White armies which forced the Turks back even
further south down the Balkans.
THE OTTOMAN INVASION
No sooner was the Thirty Years War ended, then the non-White Turkish Ottomans
invaded from the southeast, pushing up from their bridgehead in the Balkans.
Vienna itself was besieged by the Turks in 1683 - a combined White army of
Austrians, Germans and Poles united and smashed the non-White army, forcing it
to retreat south back into the Balkans. Pursuing the Ottomans led to the
Austrians occupying the territory later to become known as Hungary.
WARS AND NAPOLEON
Thereafter followed a series of internal wars and conflicts with neighbors which
culminated in the Seven Years War fought from 1756 to 1763, as a result of which
Austria lost important provinces (Silesia and Bohemia) to the German state of
Prussia.
From 1792 to 1815, Austria was dragged into the general European conflict which
started with the French Revolution and then the Napoleonic Wars.
Invaded by Napoleon's armies, Austria lost is sovereignty and in 1806, Napoleon
formally abolished the Holy Roman Empire. Rising in rebellion, Austria was to
form part of the combined anti-Napoleonic forces which finally defeated the
French imperialist adventure, and the country gained considerable prestige as a
result.
Following Napoleon's defeat and exile in 1814, the Congress of Vienna in 1815
re-established the House of Habsburg and its territories.
METTERNICH BOLSTERS THE AUSTRIAN EMPIRE
After the Napoleonic Wars, Austria was dominated by its king-appointed
chancellor, Prince Clemens von Metternich, who, by a combination of conflict and
diplomacy, made the Austrian Habsburg Empire the leading power on the continent.
A stern autocrat, Metternich was taken by surprise by the 1848 rebellions in
Europe, which forced many Royal houses to allow limited constitutional and
social reforms. Metternich resigned in the face of a peasant's revolt in Vienna,
and the king introduced a parliamentary government. This was, however, abolished
shortly afterwards by the king, who opposed any form of elected government.
Right: Prince Clemens von Metternich (1773-1859), a fine Nordic Austrian. A
skilled diplomat, he played a major role in creating the coalition which led to
the final downfall of Napoleon, and was a major player at the Congress of
Vienna. Metternich dominated European politics as the avowed champion of
conservatism, bitterly opposing the pro-democratic reforms that were gaining
ground on that continent in Napoleon's wake. Taken unaware by the revolutions of
1848, he was forced to resign.
UNION WITH HUNGARY - 1866
After 1848, Austria suffered several territorial losses. The Hungarians, who had
been under Austrian rule since the end of the Ottoman invasion declared
themselves independent. Defeated in the Seven Weeks' War (1866) with Prussia,
Austria was weakened and forced to compromise with the Hungarians. In terms of
this compromise, the two countries agreed to share a common monarch, but
retained separate constitutions, governments and languages - creating the
Austro-Hungarian Empire.
ANCIENT HUNGARY
The territory known today as Hungary was first occupied by Old European peoples.
They were, however, some of the first to be displaced by the Indo-European
invaders of the 4th millennium BC, and the region eventually became settled by
the Slavic Indo-European tribes.
The latter tribes formed the basis of the population in that country, although
they have been subjected to a number of other racial and sub-racial influences
over the centuries.
Under the Indo-European Slavic rule, the territory was settled agriculturally,
as it had been by the Old European peoples before.
This primarily agricultural way of life did not lead to the creation of any
massive urban centers on the scale of Western Europe, and did also not create a
professional warrior class, something that the Slavs were soon to regret.
ROMAN OCCUPATION - EASTERN LIMITS OF EMPIRE
Disorganized, the Slavic peoples in Hungary were easily overrun by the Romans,
who incorporated them into the eastern European province of Pannonia. Sited as
it was at the furthermost point east of the continental Roman Empire, the
province of Pannonia was always the first to bear the brunt of all invasions: it
was the first to fall to the Germanic tribes - the first to fall to the Asiatic
invasion of Atilla the Hun, the first to be reoccupied by Germanics after the
Huns left Europe, and the first to be invaded by the Asian Avars.
ROMAN COLLAPSE - PERIOD OF INSTABILITY
The collapse of the Roman Empire left the peoples of Hungary more or less to its
own devices. By this time it was an admixture of contesting Slavic tribes with
small pockets of Asiatics, leftovers from the Hunnish and Avar invasions,
scattered throughout the land.
After the death of Atilla the Hun, the Germans reoccupied the area, only to be
expelled again, in the 5th Century, by the Asiatic Avars, whose power was
eventually smashed by the Frankish King Charlemagne. The remainder of the Avars
were virtually exterminated by the Slavic Moravians who proceeded to seize the
northeastern parts of Hungary.
The rest of the territory was occupied by Charlemagne who further extended his
series of buffer states against the Asiatic invaders, a process which was
completed by 797.
MAGYAR INVASION - 896 AD
In 896 AD, the Magyars - a mixed race of mainly Asiatic sub-racial types invaded Europe. In quick succession they conquered Moravia, raided Italy and
made incursions into Germany. The Magyars ranged over Central Europe for more
than half a century. In 955, they devastated Bourgogne and were only finally
defeated by the German king, Otto I, in 955, at the Battle of Lechfeld.
After this battle, the shattered remnants of the Magyars withdrew to the east,
leaving behind only scattered traces of their people and racial mix, which soon
became largely absorbed into the still overwhelmingly Slavic stock of the
region.
CHRISTIANITY AND THE FIRST HUNGARIAN STATE
The first major convert to Christianity in Hungary was a leading noble, Duke
Guza, in 975. His son Stephen I, was raised a Christian, and it was he who
became the first King of Hungary - and the first to arrange the country into a
formal state structure. Granted formal recognition by the Pope in 1001, Stephen
made Christianity the official religion of the state, suppressing all paganism
with typical Christian zeal.
Right: Stephen I, the first King of Hungary. Recognized by the Pope as the
formal ruler of that land in the year 1001, Stephen set about trying to enforce
Christianity upon the largely pagan German and Slav population - who then spent
most of their time till then fighting off the Asiatic Magyar invaders. When
Stephen died in 1038, the country collapsed into anarchy which culminated in
serious anti-Christian outbursts. This created the pretext the Christian
Byzantine Empire needed to step in and annex the country. This contemporary
illustration of Stephen is interesting in its own right. It shows very clearly
that the Asiatic Magyar invasion had been all but wiped out, despite their name
sticking to that land. Very few Hungarians are actually Magyars, as only a small
percentage of that Asiatic race were absorbed into the White population.
MOST HUNGARIANS NOT DESCENDANTS OF MAGYARS
Although the original Magyars had been mixed race Asiatics and had been largely
killed or dispersed by the German armies, small numbers remained in Hungary and
other countries in Eastern Europe. Partly as a result of the absorption of these
already mixed race Asiatics into a portion of the Slavic population in Eastern
Europe, the Hungarians began to call themselves Magyars - although for the
majority of Hungarians, this is not an accurate reflection of their racial
roots. The original Magyars were Asiatic in origin, and the modern Hungarians
are for the greatest part descendants of original Indo-European Slavic
sub-racial types.
The term "Magyar" has therefore taken on a misleading meaning in many historical
works - when reference is made to Hungary as being "Magyar" this is in fact a
cultural term rather than a racial association with the original non-White
Magyar tribes.
Nonetheless, as a result of these continuous invasions and counter invasions
lasting nearly 1,000 years, certain parts of the modern Hungarian population
show slight signs of Asiatic ancestry - they are a minority and easily
identifiable upon sight.
Hungary also has a significant amount of Gypsies - in fact the Hungarian gypsies
are Indians who entered Eastern Europe in small numbers in wanderings around the
time of the first Asiatic invasions. (A 1993 law allows the Gypsies - who at
that stage were Hungary's largest minority - to set up their own self governing
councils.)
ANTI-CHRISTIAN UPRISINGS
When King Stephen died in 1038 without an heir, the country went into a virtual
state of anarchy. Anti-Christian pagan uprisings broke out and this, combined
with typical Christian infighting over succession to the throne, created the
opportunity for a new foreign invasion - that of the Byzantine Empire.
BYZANTINE INVASION
Although the Byzantines seized control of the Hungarian throne, they were
themselves too weak to hold on to it for any sustained period, and Byzantine
influence declined with the 1180 death of the Emperor Manuel I Commenus, who had
initiated the Byzantine invasion in the first place. Hungary was then invaded in
1241 by non-White Mongols - they only stayed a year and left after looting
whatever they could.
FRENCH KINGS
With the death of the Hungarian king, Andrew III, in 1301, the last of the
family claimants from Stephen I's line became extinct. In 1308 the French
Charles Robert of Anjou secured election as the new Hungarian king Charles I,
creating the first western royal family house in Eastern Europe. Charles I made
a number of territorial acquisitions, including Bosnia and part of Serbia during
his reign, and through his marriage to Elizabeth, the sister of Kazimierz III,
King of Poland, he ensured the succession of his son Louis to the Polish crown.
FIRST OTTOMAN INVASION
It was during Charles I's reign that the non-White Ottoman Turks first
penetrated the southern parts of Hungary. Advancing slowly up the Balkans, the
Turks were met in battle by a new Hungarian king, Sigismund, in 1396, and
although the Hungarian army was defeated, the Ottoman advance was checked for
nearly 50 years.
JANOS HUNYADI DEFEATS MUSLIMS AT BELGRADE 1456
The Turks regathered their strength and launched a new assault: Hungary was
saved from complete annihilation by the military leader, Janos Hunyadi, who won
renown for breaking the Muslim siege of Belgrade (one of Hungary's major
southern towns at the time) in 1456.
Above: Janos Hunyadi, a great White hero of Hungary, breaking the
non-White siege of the city of Belgrade in 1456. For this act and other
deeds against the Turks, he is still remembered to this day as a national
figure in Hungary.
SECOND OTTOMAN INVASION - 1521 AD
In August 1521, an Ottoman army under Sultan Suleiman I, captured Belgrade, the
major Hungarian stronghold in the south. In 1526, Suleiman crushed the Hungarian
army at Mohacs, where King Louis II and more than 20,000 White soldiers were
killed.
After his army captured the city of Buda in September 1526, Suleiman withdrew
from most of central Hungary. The Austrians then seized parts of western Hungary
while other parts of the former Hungarian kingdom were either ruled by the
Ottomans or local princes.
AUSTRIAN INVASION
For the next 150 years, Hungary was the scene of almost continuous strife,
chiefly among three groups: the Catholic Habsburg (Austrian) Holy Roman
emperors, who seized control over the western portion; the Muslim Ottomans, who
controlled the central area; and groups of the Protestant native nobility,
especially from Transylvania.
After expelling the Ottomans, the Habsburgs quenched rebel resistance in 1711,
made religious and political concessions, and established a generally tranquil
empire for nearly a century.
Right: For nearly 150 years the city of Buda (today united with a neighboring
town called Pest, hence Budapest) had been held by the non-White Turks, and was
an important center of Ottoman power in the West. Once the Turkish armies had
however been defeated at their second attempt to take Vienna, the Austrian King
Leopold 1, sent his armies into Hungary in conjunction with other White allies,
and on 2 September 1686, crushed the non-Whites in Buda itself. Here the leading
White Austrian soldiers enter the city, literally riding over the dead Turks.
THE THIRD INDEPENDENT HUNGARIAN STATE AND UNION WITH AUSTRIA
By 1849, the ideals of social and constitutional reform, the mainspring of the
1848 revolutions in Europe, had reached Hungary, and in 1849, the Hungarian
Parliament proclaimed the country's independence from Austria. However, the
Austrian Emperor, Francis Joseph I, in alliance with Russia's Tsar Nicholas I,
invaded and suppressed the Hungarian revolutionary government. In the midst of
the suppression of another Hungarian uprising, Austria became embroiled in a
short conflict with Prussia.
So weakened, Austria was forced to agree to a compromise with Hungary: the
country could have its own legislature, language and constitution, but in
exchange the two countries would share a common emperor.
This compromise created the Austro-Hungarian Empire which lasted until 1919.
Part Two: The Austro-Hungarian Empire and the creation of modern Austria and
Hungary
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