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Gymnázium, třída Kapitána Jaroše 14, Brno
Virus
Authors (alphabetically):
Hrubý Jakub
Moráň Lukáš
Sasínek Filip
Table of contents
General characteristics
 History
 Replication
 Selected diseases
 Usage in medicine

What is a virus ?
Non-cellular parasitic structure
 Own genome with genes
 No metabolism or source of energy
 Organisms at the edge of life
 Need of host cell

Structure
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Virion – viral particle
Two or three parts
Nucleic acid


Capsid


DNA or RNA
Protein coat
Envelope
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Made of lipids
Discovery

1892 - Dimitri Iosifovich Ivanovsky
Tobacco mosaic
 Disease is not caused by a bacteria
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1898 - Martinus Wilhelm Beijerinck
First use of the word virus
 Virology

Replication
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Entering the host cell
Changing the
metabolism
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Creating of new viral
components
Lytic cycle
Lysogenic cycle
Selected diseases
Smallpox


Variola
Transmission

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Symptoms
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Airborne, face-to-face
Fever, muscle pain,
macules – little spots
Fatal in most cases
Eradicated

Declared by WHO in
1980
/last case in
1975/
Selected diseases
SARS /Severe acute respiratory syndrome/


SARS-CoV
Transmission


Symptoms
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
Airborne
Fever, headache,
cough, pneumonia
Outbreak in 2002

China, then other
countries
Selected diseases
AIDS /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome/

HIV


Transmission


Blood, sexual intercourse
Symptoms



Reverse transcriptase
Flu after infection
Immune system
break down
T - lymphocytes
/2008/
Usage in medicine

Retro virus


Gene therapy


Reverse transcription (RNA  DNA)
Viral vectors
Complications
Pathogenicity
 Viability of adjusted cells
 Expensive procedure

Conclusion
1898 – discovery of viruses
 Non-cellular parasitic structure
 3 parts


Nucleic acid, protein coat and lipid envelope
Need of host cell
 Importance in the future
 Antibiotics do not work for viral diseases !

Interactive part

The Quiz
Resources
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RNDr. KOČÁREK, Eduard, Ph.D.: Genetika, Praha, nakladatelství Scienta, 2008, 211
stran, ISBN 978-80-869960-36-4
PROF. RNDr. ROSYPAL, Stanislav, DrSc.: Bakteriologie a Virologie, Praha, nakladatelství
Scientia, 1994, 67 stran, ISBN 80-85827-16-6
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus [cit. 2010-10-26
http://radim-kramar.byl.cz/Virologie.htm [cit. 2010-10-26
http://www.zdrava-rodina.cz/med/med998/med998_1.html [cit. 2010-10-26
http://genetika.wz.cz/viry.htm [cit. 2010-10-26
http://aidsblog.ihelpdesk.cz/index.php/2008/09/09/video-replikace-hiv [cit. 2010-10-26
http://biomikro.vscht.cz/documents/hygklinmik/klinika8.pdf [cit. 2010-10-26
http://botany.upol.cz/prezentace/sedlarova/MB_viry_t.pdf [cit. 2010-10-26
http://www.biology.webz.cz/viry.php [cit. 2010-10-26
http://www.imaturita.cz/pdf/06biol.pdf [cit. 2010-10-26
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus [cit. 2010-10-26
Thank you for your attention