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Transcript 
Neurosonography Part Two
Harry H. Holdorf
Frontal view showing: Medial Longitudinal Fissure,
Pons, Medulla Oblongata,and Cerebellum.
Corpus collasum

Two hemispheres are connected by mass
of white matter called Corpus Callosum:





Corpus callosum is a bundle of commissural
fibers
Allows communications between hemispheres
10 cm long
Anterior end = Genu
Posterior portion= Splenium
Corpus Collasum
Corpus Collasum
Corpus Collasum
Cerebrum cont. color page 73

Cerebrum is devided into five lobes:





Frontal- Center for motor and mental
response, emotion and personality
Parietal- Center for Sensory information; pain
Temporal- Center for hearing, smell, memory
and speech
Occipital- Vision center
Insula
Cerebral regions, Insula not exposed
Cerebral regions, Insula exposed
Cerebrum cont.
Anteriorly Central Sulcus ( Sulcus of
Rolando) seperates frontal and parietal
lobes.
 Posterorly Parieto-Occipital Sulcus
seperates Parietal lfrom occipital
 Laterally Sylvian Fissure (Lateral
Fissure) seperates the temporal lobe
from the parietal lobe
 Located deep within the sylvian fissuer is
the fifth lobe or Insula or Island of
Reil.

Cerebral sulcuses
Basal Ganglia, Color page 74
Regions of grey matter in the cerebrum.
 Largest basal ganglias are;


Caudate Nucleus




Lateral to the LV
Has head, body and tail
Tapers from anterior to posterior
Lentiform or Lenticular Nucleus


Centerally located in each hemisphere
Divided into:
 Putamen- Located laterally
 Globus Pallidus- Located medially
Caudate Nucleus

Head:




Body:



Largest
Most anterior
Lies in concavity of the lat. Surface of the frontal horn of
LVs
Division of the head and body occurs @ the level of the
Foramen of Monro
Occupies the superior concavity of the lat. Wall of the
body of the LVs
Tail:


In the roof of the Temporal horn of the LVs
Rarely imaged in US or CT
Basal Ganglia
Basal Ganglia
The blue parts are the ventricular system, while the green part lining
the lateral parts of the ventricular system is the caudate nucleus.
Basal Ganglia
Basal Ganglia
Basal Ganglia in the coronal view
Parasagital view of the Caudate nucleus
Diancephalon; Color page 75
Located deep within the cerebral
hemispheres.
 Consist of the :





Epithalamus
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Surrounds the midline third ventricle
Thalamus
Largest mass of grey matter
 Large egg shaped paired stuctures
 Forms lateral walls of the third ventricle
 Connected by the “Massa Intermedia”
 Occupy the inferior concavity of the lat.
surface of the LVs
 Bounded:




Anteriorly-Foramen of Monro, head of the
Caudate N.
Posterioly- Trigone of the LVs
Inferiorly- hypothalamus
Thalamus
Thalamus
Thalamus
Thalamus
Thalamus
Thalamus
Epithalamus
Forms roof of the third ventricle
 Has a midline projection that forms the
Pineal Gland.

Epithalamus
Hypothalamus
Forms the floor of the third ventricle.
 Inferiorly lies :




The infundibulum or pituitary stalk
Optic Chiasma
Mammillary bodies (responsible for swallowing)
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
Brain Stem
Lateral view of the CNS
Brain Stem, Color page 76

Subdivided into :
1.
Midbrain
2.
Pons
3.
Medulla Oblonga
Brain Stem
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