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Hemo the Magnificent 1. Hemo means __blood____ in Greek. 2. William Harvey (1628) observed the circulatory system and predicted capillaries. 3. The circulatory system is a system of arteries and veins. 4. Arteries carry oxygenated blood to the body. “red” blood You can feel your pulse here Have to remain open Thick muscular walls because the force of blood is so great 5. Veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart “blue” blood Have one-way valves Muscles help push blood up Have thinner walls so they can be squeezed and push blood back to the heart 6. Heart has 4 chambers with one-way valves between the chambers pumps 1 quart of blood in 10 seconds size of your fist strongest muscle in your body does more work than all other muscles combined brain controls how fast the heart beats 7. There are two types of nerves that control how fast or slow the heart beats: Sympathetic nerve tells the heart to beat faster (example: exercise) Vagus nerve tells the heart to beat slower (example: rest) 8. Capillaries are microscopic One cell thick work of blood is done here gives off nutrients and oxygen takes away wastes (garbage) and carbon dioxide cells are generally no more than two cells away from a capillary Red blood cells pass through in single file RBC passage is controlled by a gatekeeper, a round muscle called a sphincter muscle 9. Three main body functions/activities: Brain – thinking; always get a full supply of blood Muscles – moving; 2nd priority for survival Digestive system – eating 10. All three body functions cannot get all the blood they can use at the same time There is not enough blood to supply all three body functions The brain decides where the blood goes 11. Brain cells have priority to get the blood Barostat is the pressure regulator in the neck Barostat maintains blood pressure in the brain 12. Chemical regulators Hormones Can control heart rate (example; when you are scared) 13. The smaller the animal, the faster the heart beats to maintain body heat 14. The larger the animal, the slower the heart beats 15. LUBB_DUBB is the sound of the heart Sound is caused by closing the valves 16. Lungs Supply oxygen to the blood Takes carbon dioxide out of the blood 17. Blood and Seawater Blood has the same composition as seawater i. Blood has the same salts in approximately the same percentages as seawater ii. 88% of seawater salts are the same as our blood