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1D Continued Worksheet 1) Cleavage produces two smaller daughter cells called________________. During cleavage, ____________ or cell division continues without the cell ______________in size. 2) When the cell has reached the 16 or more cell stage the solid ball of cells is referred to as a__________________. 3) By the 4th of 5th day the _____________ consists of approximately 100 cells and is referred to as a_________________, which is a ___________filled hollow sphere. 4) The outer layer of cells of the blastocyst, which is a single layer of cells referred to as the__________________, forms the______________. While the inner cell mass referred to as the __________________ disc develops into the individual. 5) Implantation takes place when _____________ adhere to the properly prepared_________. 6) Once implanted the __________________proliferate and form two distinct layers, the____________________ , which are cells of the inner layer and they _________their cell membranes, where the ____________________which make up the outer layer ________their plasma membrane and invade the_______________________ . 7) The primitive streak is a raised area on the _____________groove and establishes the ______________ axis of the embryo. 8) The rod of mesodermal cells that serves as the _________or longitudinal support is referred to as the________________. 9) Gastrulation sets the stage for ____________________which is the formation of all body organs. 10) __________________ is the first event of organogenesis which gives raise to the _______ and __________________. 11) Somites, are one of the ___ specialized groups of_____________, and are lusters of cells, _____pairs, that are made up of ___________________which produce ______________and ribs. __________________which help form ____________skin dermis and ______________ which form skeletal muscle of the__________, trunk, and____________. 12) __________________Mesoderm forms gonads, which are __________or ______________ along with kidneys. 13) Placenta forms from embryonic __________________ tissues and maternal _______________ tissues. 14) Chorion develops fingerlike villi that become ________________ and extend to the embryo as umbilical __________ and_________ , it also helps forms the placenta by ____________ the embryonic body and all other membranes. Unit 1E 15) Functions of the skin are: a barrier or _______________, temperature______________, ___________, metabolism in the ____________ of Vitamin D, blood ____________and limited___________. 16) Skin consists of two major regions the______________, the outer most and the__________, the middle region and the layer beneath is referred to as the __________________or superficial______________. 17) Epidermis is composed of____________ _______________ epithelium, and the dermis and hypodermis are composed of _______________tissue. 18) As cells of the epidermis, _________________ produce the fibrous protein keratin, and melanocytes which produce the brown pigment___________, but skin also gets its color from ____________ and blood vessels. 19) Langerhans cells are epidermal _______________that help activate the _________system, while tactile cells such as ___________ cells functions as touch ____________in association with ____________ nerve endings. 20) Stratum _________which is the base layer or __________ epidermal layer which is attached to the__________. Here the youngest ____________cells undergo rapid division called ___________ to regenerate the superficial layers. 21) The next layer up is the Stratum___________, which gets its name due to the web-like system of the cells which has pre-keratin ___________ attached to ____________ which gives it a “prickly look. In this layer _________ granules and ___________ cell are abundant. 22) This middle layer is the Stratum ___________a thin layer with only __ to __ layers of cells which are __________ and organelles are______________. It gets its name due to the ________________and ____________ granules accumulating in the granulosum cells and this provides___________________. 23) Second from the top is the Stratum __________ or clear layer which is thin and ____________ and consists of a few layers of flat dead _____________and is present only in thin / thick skin. 24) The very top or outer most layer is the Stratum ______________or the Horny Layer, of _________________ cells meaning the cell’s ____________ and organelles are replaced by keratin _____________which is left as the cells die. This layer provides most of the ________________ thickness. 25) The functions of the epidermis are________________, protection from ___________ and__________________. 26) Dermis is vascular and _____________ and has two regions, superficial also called _______ and deep also called_______________. 27) The ___________ region is loose __________ connective tissue, and the dermal papillae which are finger like ______________ into the epidermis and have __________endings that detect_______, touch and _____________have increased _________ vessels and modified_____________. Vitamin D is ______________ here. 28) The reticular region is composed of _________ connective tissue in which _________and elastic fibers run ___________to skin’s surface, and the spaces are filled with ________tissue. 29) The superficial _________ or hypodermis which covers the __________ under the skin has __________ from the dermis that ___________the skin to deeper________and_________.