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EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANO STUDY GUIDE A. MATCHING: Write the letter of the term that best completes the question. _____ 1. Device used to measure earthquake waves. A. P waves _____ 2. Point on the surface where seismic waves radiate out. _____ 3. Immense sea waves caused by an earthquake. B. Richter scale C. lava _____ 4. The study of earthquakes. D. seismic waves _____ 5. Measures the magnitude of an earthquake. E. L waves _____ 6. Vibration waves caused by earthquakes. F. Ring of Fire _____ 7. small volcanic cone made totally from pyroclastic material. G. seismograph _____8. A major earthquake zone in the Pacific. H. Crust _____9. When a magma chamber empties and the volcano collapses I. S waves _____10. The outer layer of the earth’s lithosphere _____11. A fracture in the earth’s surface whose sides move in relation to each other. J.. epicenter K. crater ____12.The fastest seismic waves. L. seismology _____13. The most common cause of earthquakes. M. tsunami ____14. Shear waves, the second fastest waves. N. fault ____15. Magma that erupts and flows on the earth’s surface. O. Pyroclastic Material ____16. Surface waves. ____17. Material like ash, rock and debris from an explosive eruption. P. focus Q. cinder cone ____18. Funnel-shaped pit around the central vent of a volcano. R. caldera 19.What is the study of earthquakes called?_________________________ 20.What is the study of volcanoes called?__________________________ 21.List the three types of seismic waves and their motion:_______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________. 22.What is the most common cause of earthquakes? A. Tsunamis B. Seismic waves C. Faulting D. Surface waves 23.Please list the three types of earthquake scales and what they measure: Mercalli: Moment Magnitude: Richter Scale: True or false (If false, write the correct statement.) 24.A volcano would most likely form in the center of continents or deep canyons. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________. 25.The epicenter is located under the surface on the fault. _____________________________________________________________________________. 26.A composite volcano is built of layers with nonexplosive eruptions. ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________. 27.A nonexplosive eruption erupts pyroclastic material._________________________________________________. 28.Primary waves can travel through solid, liquid and gases. ______________________________________________. 29. What are places on the Earth’ surface, directly about columns of rising mantle, that create island chains called? a. Hot spots B. divergent boundary c. convection currentsd. pyroclastic spots 30. List the definition of a seismograph: 31. List the definition of a seismogram: 32. Write the difference between magma and lava? Where are they located?_______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. 33. Describe the difference of Pahoehoe and aa:___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 34. Write ten items you should include in an earthquake emergency kit:___________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________. 35. Please draw a quick sketch of each type of volcano we have studied. Include the following (mantle chamber, vent and crater.) Under your drawing please list the type of eruption and the kind of material erupted from the volcano.