Download Conjunctiva

Conjunctiva
Conjunctiva
It is a mucous membrane covering the inner
surface of the eyelids and reflecting to cover the
anterior part of the eyeball over the sclera, upto
the corneal margin.
Discussion
• Parts and structure of the conjunctiva
• Disease of the conjunctiva
• Complications
Part of the conjunctiva
• Palpebral
It consists of marginal, tarsal and orbital part. It is firmly
adherent to the deeper tissue.
• Bulbar
It lies over the sclera and it is freely mobile
• Fornix
It is the junction of palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva
• Limbal
It is the junction of cornea and conjunctiva
Structure of the conjunctiva
• Epithelium
• Sub epithelium layer
• Fibrous layer
Nerve and blood supply
• Nerve supply: Trigeminal 5th Crainal nerve
• Blood supply:
– Ciliary artery
– Lacrimal artery
– Nasal artery
Disease of the conjunctiva
• Any inflammation in the conjunctiva is called
conjunctivitis.
Classification of conjunctivitis
• Infective
• Allergic
Infective
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Catarrhal
Serous
Muco-purulent
Purulent
Membraneous
Inflammatory condition
• Trachoma : Chronic inflammation of cornea and
conjunctiva
Allergic conjunctivitis
• Non specific urticarial reaction due to a large
amount of allergen reaching the conjunctival
sac.
Phlycenular conjunctivitis
• It is an allergic reaction of the conjunctiva
caused by endogenous bacteria. It is
characterised by bleb or nodule formation near
the limbus.
Vernal conjunctivitis
• It is an allergic condition caused by exogenous
allergens.
Pinguecula
• A yellowish triangular deposit on the conjunctiva
near the limbus.
Pterygium
• A triangular fold of tissue mass to invade the
cornea covered by conjunctival epithelium.
Dermoid
• A solid mass at the limbus area.
Squamas cell carcinoma
• It appears as a slightly elevated, fleshy mass
with tuft of blood vessels at the limbus.
Conjuctival xerosis
• A dry, lusterless condition of the conjunctiva.
Sub conjunctival heamorrhage
• Spontaneous rupture of conjunctival blood
vessels.