Download Cell Cycle and Differentiation Test Review KEY

Name: _________________________________________ Class: _________ Date: _____________________
Cell Cycle and Differentiation Test Review
1. What molecule stores genetic information? DNA
2. In single cell organisms, mitosis is used for ________________. Reproduction
3. In multicellular organisms, mitosis is used for what 3 things? Growth, development, and repair
4. Draw and label the parts of a chromosome (chromosome, chromatids, centromere)
5. How many chromatids does a chromosome have? __________ Two
6. How are the sister chromatids related? They carry identical genetic information
8. A chromatid is attached to the spindle fiber by the ____________________________. Centromere
9. What 3 things happen during interphase? Cell grows, copies DNA, duplicates organelles
10. What are the 3 stages of interphase? G1, S, G2
11. What happens during the Gap 1 or first growth phase? Grows and carries out its normal functions
12. What does a cell make during the synthesis stage? Copy of the DNA
13. Before a cell can proceed to mitosis from the G2 stage, it must pass through a ________________________.
Checkpoint
14. The longest phase of the cell cycle is _________________________________. Interphase
15. In which stage of the cell cycle do the nucleus and its contents divide? Mitosis
16. What 3 things happen during prophase? Tighter coiling of the chromosomes, breaking down of the nuclear
envelope, disappearing of nucleolus
17. Identify the stage shown in the pictures
Metaphase
Anaphase
18. During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase
19. During which phase of the cell cycle does cytokinesis take place? Use the picture as a guide… Mitosis
20. What happens during cytokinesis? Divisiion of the cytoplasm
21. The process of mitosis and cytokinesis produces two identical ____________________ ____________.
Daughter Cells
22. How is mitosis different in plant and animal cells?
Plant cells form a cell plate
23. Put the pics in the correct order III, I, VI, V, II, IV
24. What is the term for the programmed death of cells? Apoptosis
25. Define cancer and cancer cells. Uncontrolled cell growth, cancer cells divide uncontrollably
26. Which cells shown in the graph are most likely cancerous? A
27. Explain what you think happened to cells B and D? They died off because the cancer cells deprived them off
nutrients
28. The image below shows four different types of tissues made from animal cells.
What cannot be determined by examining the four images?
a.
The location of the nucleus in each cell type
b.
The basic components of the cells that make up each type of tissue
c.
The organs that are made from the different tissue types
d.
The general structural differences of each cell type
29. What is one reason scientists are doing stem cell research?
To try and cure illnesses and diseases
30. Stem cells play a vital role in the repair of injuries and curing diseases within the human body. Special properties
of stem cells are listed in the box below.
Stem Cell Differentiation
1. Stem cells duplicate and renew themselves over extended periods of time.
2. Stem cells remain unspecialized until differentiation is required.
3. Stem cells can differentiate into specialized cells such as blood, nerve, skin, or muscle
cells.
What factor influences stem cell differentiation?
A. RNA transfers information from the deoxyribonucleic acid in the nucleus to the ribosome.
B. Environmental factors impact the development and function of specialized cells.
C. DNA contains the genetic information that directs the process of differentiation.
D. All of the above.