Download Friday week 1

• Come in and sit down
• I will answer any and
all questions later
• Do not ask questions
now
Wait List
Why Pirates?
• I am not
• My interest goes back to
repeat NOT a
my childhood
huge fan of
• Many, many years ago in
the movies
England
and
a
cartoon
• If that is what
called
you expect
you will be
• Captain Pugwash
disappointed
Captain Pugwash
Barnabus
Mate
Willie
Cabin Boy Tom
• What did I learn from
this cartoon?
• What a pirate is of
course
• ….or at least what the
stereotype of a pirate
is
Pirate Identikit
4 Parts of a pirate stereotype
• 1) Language
• Old English accent
• Combination of Cornish and the Bristol
brogue
• Need to strangulate the vowels
• Oh Ahhh = Yes
• I be a Pirate that I be = I am a pirate
• September 19th official (?) talk like a
pirate day
• 2) Fashion
• Multiple bright
colors
• Torn ripped and
tatty
• Tri-corner hat over a
bandana
• Like a 80s punk
dressed by Vivienne
Westwood
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3) Accessories
Wooden leg
Eye patch
Big gold earrings
Hook
Treasure Map
• 4) Animal companions
• Monkey
• Dressed, often in a
similar fashion
• A “Mini Monkey Me”
• A Parrot
• Always talking
• “Pieces of eight”
• “Shiver me timbers”
A moment on terminology
• Gentlemen Adventurers
• Buccaneer
• Privateer
• Corsair
• Pirate
• hostis humani generis
The Ship
• “For going to
sea, is like going
to jail, except
that at sea you
can drown”
• Samuel Johnson
Contact details etc.
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Hist 421
MW 6:30 – 7:45 TLC 29
Prof. Ian Chambers
[email protected]
www.uidaho.edu/~chambers
Phone (208)885-5777
Office Hours
MW 3:00 – 4:00pm (and by appointment)
Four main written pieces of
work for the class
 1) 800 – 1000 word paper based on
the movie Captain Kidd and the
book by Robert Ritche
 2) 800- 1000 word paper based on
the Robert Louis Steven’s Treasure
Island and the movie Treasure Island
 3) A 800-1000 word proposal for the final research
paper.
 Your proposal should:
 Provide what information the final paper will contain.
 Detail the purpose, methods, and scope of the paper.
 Include a proposed Bibliography of sources for your
final paper.
 4) 2800 – 3200 word paper
 Your paper will seek to answer a question to be
determined through discussion between yourself and
the professor. This is an upper division course, you will
be expected to use multiple sources, both primary and
secondary, within your paper.
Information for Written Work
 Internet sources
 No more than two internet sources can be
used
 All internet sources must be authorized by
the Professor – any internet sources not
authorized result in a loss of points
 NO use of Wikipedia at all
 All quotations must have equivalent amount
of explanatory text
 Requirements/Grades
 Your Grades on the written work will reflect +
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and –
However your posted grade will contain only full
letter grade
A) Paper 1 20%
B) Paper 2 20%
C) Proposal 15%
D) Research Paper 35%
E) Class participation 10%
Rules and Regulations
 Participation grade based upon attendance, completion
of reading, and active participation in class discussions.
 Class may also include a number of pop quizzes, and
group work.
 to ensure that you have both done and understood the reading
and also to give an opportunity for an open discussion.
 In order to ensure that all students, and I, get the full
benefit of the class, attendance will be mandatory
 non attendance will be penalized.
 I will hand out a number of sign-in sheets during the
semester these will be used to asses attendance
 Your research paper will have a cover page containing a
paper title, the word count, and your name. They must
also contain correctly cited sources and a bibliography.
We will spend time in class discussing formatting.
 I operate the “three one’s” system of
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grade questioning. Students must:
Wait ONE day before challenging a
grade.
Write a minimum of ONE paragraph
explaining what within their papers
merit a grade change.
NO grade can be challenged ONE week
after the work is handed back.
Late papers will lose one point per
minute
Texts
 Captain Charles Johnson A General
History of the Robberies and Murders of
the Most Notorious Pirates
 Robert Richie Captain Kidd and the War
against Pirates
 Marcus Rediker Villains of All Nations:
Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age
 Robert Louis Stevenson Treasure Island
DOCUMENTS AT LIBRARY
Week/ Date
Important Notes
Topic
1
9-11 January
Intro / Definitions
2
14 -18 January
Ancient Piracy
3
21-25 January
4
28 Jan – 2 Feb
5
4 – 8 February
6
11-15 February
7
18-22 February
8
25-29 February
9
3- 8 March
First Short Paper Due
10-15 March
Spring Break
10
17-22 March
11
24-229 March
12
31 Mar – 4 April
13
7 – 11 April
14
15-18 April
15
Reading
NO Class Monday – MLK Day
Pirates of the Barbary
Coast
Queen Elizabeth: Pirate
Queen
Henry Morgan and the
Privateers
Captain Kidd
NO class Monday –Presidents Day
Captain Kidd
Movie # 1
End of Privateers move
into 18th C
Caribbean /Atlantic
History
Ritchie complete
Paper Proposal Due
Literature and Pirates
Movie # 2
18th C Seamen
Treasure Island
complete
Second Short Paper Due
Race/Gender and the
sea
Golden Age Piracy
Rediker and Johnson
Golden Age Piracy
Rediker and Johnson
21-25 April
Golden Age Piracy
Rediker and Johnson
16
28 April – 2 May
Pop Culture and Pirates
17
May 6 -10-12
Big Paper Due
Final
Piracy in the Graeco-Roman
World
• Caribbean neither first or last place
where Pirates plied their trade
• History is littered with tales of pirates
• Today we will turn to the Greeks
• Teos, Asia Minor
• Inscription defining punishment for
several crimes including
• Piracy and Bandity or
• Sheltering Pirates or Bandits
• Piracy and warfare endemic during
the time of the Greeks
• Boundaries between legitimate
warfare and piratical activities blurred
• Piracy could lead to severe
punishment and condemnation
• But it could also lead to legitimate
power and wealth
• As with all ages Piracy was often
defined by the position of the viewer
•Greek world divided into
competing kingdoms and states
•Piracy/banditry perennial
problem
•Gradually competing states
linked into larger city-states
•Security and growth - Problem
• 8th and 7th century BCE
• Massive colonizing expedition
• Little formal conflict
• But increase in the acts of
piracy
–Both Greek and others
• Increased sea trade
• 6th century
• Expedition failed
• Seized the Lipari Islands
• Attacked by Tyrrhrnian pirates
• Developed defensive strategies
• Eventually became regions
aggressors
Lipari Island – Pirate Utopia?
• All land held in common
– Apportioned by lot and
reapportioned every 20 years
• Apportioned work by lot
– Some work land, some ships
• Produce of land and piracy
•
equally shared among all
10% sent to Delphi
– To appease the God Apollo
– And to win over Greek public
opinion
Polycrates – Pirate tyrant? c. 546-522
• Aegean Island – Samos
• Seized power
• Builds fleet and
plunders
• Friend and foe
• Defeated a force sent
to destroy him
expanded his power
base
• Takes over numerous
islands and cities
Herodotus on Polycrates
• “He Had a fleet of a Hundred
fifty-oared galleys and a force
of thousand bowmen. His
plundering raids were
widespread and indiscriminate
– he used to say that a friend
would be more grateful if he
gave him back what he had
taken than if he had never
taken it”
Polycrates and Siphnos
• Siphnos – small rich island
with gold and silver mines
• Asked the oracle at Delphi
how long will good fortune
last
• “when the forehead of their
marketplace shone white,
then they should beware of
the scarlet messenger”
• ?????
• Just after the Siphnians had
decorated their market place with
white marble
• Polycrates with his pirate fleet –
decorated with red paint and flags
• Demanded a ‘loan’ of 10 talents
• When refused Polycrates attacked
plundered and also demanded a
ransom of 100 talents
• Symptomatic of difficulty of
definitions
• Large fleet, and land holdings
– Suggestive of a political entity – therefore
warfare
• Actions in demanding “ransom,”
attacking without discrimination
– Suggestive of piratical activity – therefore
Piracy
• Throughout the region coastal raids
were a major worry
• No matter how poor
• People - potential for ransom or
slaves
• Protection was a major concern fall
all
• Every settlement and farmstead kept
watchdogs
• Barking dog = intruders?
• On Crete, after being told that
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he would be responsible for
his fathers death, a young
king left for Rhodes where he
set up his own kingdom
Many years later the father –
missing his son sailed to
Rhodes
The dogs barked
People of Rhodes thinking him
a pirate, Cretians were
notorious pirates, killed him
Arrival of the Persians
• Piracy in the eastern Mediterranean was
brought to a holt by the arrival of the
Persians
• As the Persian empire expanded they
conquered the Phoenicians
• Using the captured Phoenicians' fleet
Persia able to successfully attack Greece
• At this point they had a sufficient fleet to
bring and end to piracy and tyrants like
Polycrates
• Persians actions detail
• A example of a dominant
political entity being able to use
its might
–Gained at the expense of others
• To stamp authority and control
of a region
• Thereby ending piracy and
piratical activities
• New power would be
struck by a revolt
from the Ionians
• Persia launches an all
out attack on Ionian
Greece
• Looking for allies
Ionians turned to
Sparta – refused
• Found support in
Athens and the island
• The ‘aid’ mission of
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•
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Athens and the Eretrians
was in fact a cover for a
piratical attack
They stormed onto land
and sacked the city of
Sardis home of the Lydian
people
Failed due to fire
Muddied the waters more
– Lydians turned against
Ionians
– Persia now wanted to
punish to Athens and
Euoba
• Persians surprisingly defeated during
retribution attack
• Rather than combine
• Victorious city states began to fight
among themselves
• 3 years later the Persians returned
• Conquered the Ionians
• Then spread west across the Aegean
Sea defeating the Eretains
• 490BCE Persians defeated
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by the Athenians at
Marathon
Hero of the Athenian
victory was Miltiades
He used his prestige to
persuade the Athenians to
put him in charge of the
navy
Headed of on ‘secret’
mission
• This mission was in effect nothing more
than a large scale pirating expedition
• Attacked an island nation but failed to
take anything and was also injured
• Upon his return he was found guilty of
acting in an individual rather than public
way
• Individual within an empire acting as a
pirate
• But, what if he had succeeded?
• After Miltiades disgrace
• Themistocles took command and built
a large navy and allied with several
local allies to defeat the Persians
• Athens formed the Delian league
• This led to the exclusion of all enemies
from the seas of the Mediterranean
• Also took away safe havens for pirates