Download Endocrine and Renal System

Endocrine System Histology
and Models
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Dry Lab Questions
• Function: maintain homeostasis
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Thymus gland (site of maturation of white blood cells)
Thyroid gland (secretes thyroid hormone and calcitonin)
Parathyroid gland (secretes parathyroid hormone)
Adrenal gland (secretes aldosterone)
Pituitary gland (secretes FSH, etc. The neurohypophysis
stores and releases hormones produced in the
hypothalamus)
• Ovary (also an endocrine gland; secretes estrogen)
• Testes (secretes testosterone)
• Pancreas (secretes insulin; lack= diabetes mellitus)
ENDOCRINE MODELS
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Thyroid gland
Adrenal gland
Thymus gland
Pituitary gland
Pineal gland
Ovary/Testes
Pancreas
Adrenal and Thyroid glands
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid
Glands
(small pink dots)
Thymus Gland
Endocrine
Glands
Adrenal gland
Pancreas
Testes
Skip
Pituitary gland
Pineal gland
Adrenal gland
Skip
Ovary
Testes
Pancreas
Spleen
Duodenum
Pancreas
Gall
bladder
Spleen
Kidney
Pancreas
Adrenal
gland
Kidney
ENDOCRINE HISTOLOGY
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Ovary
Testes
Pancreas
Thyroid gland
Ovary
Skip
Testes
Seminiferous tubules
Testes
Pancreas
Acinar cells
(secrete
enzymes)
Islet of
Langerhans
(secretes
insulin)
Thyroid Gland
Secretes
calcitonin and
thyroid hormone
Thyroid Gland
Renal System Histology and
Models
Renal system in cat:
– Kidney
– Ureter
– Urinary bladder
Kidney
Ureter
Kidney
Ureter
Urinary
bladder
Ureters
Urinary
Bladder
Rugae inside urinary bladder that
was cut open
Spleen
Adrenal gland
Kidney
Renal artery
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Adrenal gland
Kidney
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Prostate gland
Urethra
vasa recta
peritubular
capillaries
vasa recta
peritubular
capillaries
Kidney Regions
• The kidney is divided into three REGIONS.
• If the question asks you to name the
REGION, the answer is one of the below:
– CORTEX
– MEDULLA
– RENAL PELVIS
REGIONS
Cortex
Medulla
Renal
Pelvis
Kidney Structures
• If the question asks you to name the STRUCTURE, it is
one of the below:
• Within the cortex, you will find the glomeruli and the
proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
• Within the medulla you will find the loops of Henle,
collecting tubules, the pyramids and the columns (pale
area between the pyramids).
• Within the renal pelvis you will find the hilus, which
branches into the major calyxes, which branch into the
minor calyxes.
On this model you need
to know the regions,
vessels, and the
following structures:
Pyramids
Hilus
Ureter
Major calyx
Minor calyx
Hilus
Major calyx
Minor calyx
Ureter
Renal artery
Segmental artery
Interlobar artery
Interlobular artery
Arcuate artery
Interlobar artery
Interlobular artery
Arcuate artery
REGIONS
Cortex
Medulla
Renal pelvis
STRUCTURES
Pyramids
Major calyx
Minor calyx
Hilus
Ureter
VESSELS
Interlobular artery
Arcuate artery
Interlobar artery
Segmental artery
Renal artery
KIDNEY MODEL
• Glomerulus
• Proximal convoluted tubule
• Descending loop of the nephron
– Thick segment
– Thin segment
• Ascending loop of the nephron
– Thick segment
– Thin segment
• Distal convoluted tubule
• Collecting tubule (where urine is most similar to the bladder)
• Vasa recta
Glomerulus
Vasa recta
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Glomerulus
Descending loop of the Nephron
Ascending loop of the nephron
Collecting tubule (where the fluid is
most similar to urine found in the
bladder)
Study Tip:
To get oriented, always start at the
glomerulus and run your finger down the
proximal convoluted tubule. When it
loops back up and thickens, you are
now at the distal convoluted tubule.
Thick segment of the ascending
loop of the nephron
Thick segment of the descending
loop of the nephron
Thin segment of the ascending
loop of the nephron
Thin segment of the descending
loop of the nephron
GLOMERULUS
Efferent arteriole
Afferent arteriole
Glomerular capsule
The glomerular space
is where urine is most
dissimilar to the urine in
the bladder
KIDNEY SLIDES
• Glomerulus
• Kidney tubules (simple cuboidal epithelium)
Glomerulus
Tubule
Skip
Tubule
Glomerulus
Kidney
Glomerulus
Tubule
Pancreas: don’t get this confused with a
glomerulus in the kidney!
Pancreas
Kidney