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US006584476B1
(12)
United States Patent
(10) Patent N0.:
US 6,584,476 B1
(45) Date of Patent:
Jun. 24, 2003
Chatterjee et al.
(54)
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENFORCING
REEERENTIAL CONSTRAINTS BETWEEN
VERSIONED DATABASE TABLES
5,873,075 A *
6,351,753 B1 *
6,457,017 B2 *
2/1999 Cochrane et a1. ............ .. 707/2
2/2002 Jagadish et a1. .......... .. 707/200
9/2002 Watkins et a1. ....... .. 707/103 R
(75)
Inventors: Ramkrishna Chatterjee, Nashua, NH
* cited by examiner
(US); Ramesh Vasudevan, Burlington,
MA (US); Gopalan Arun, Nashua, NH
_
(Us); David M01‘, Bedford, NH (Us)
(73) Assrgnee: gjrgcle C0rp., Redwood Shores, CA
*
_
_
_
( ) Nonce'
(21)
-
(52)
(58)
_
(57)
_
_
ABSTRACT
A version control system is described for use in connection
Sub]eCt_tO any dlsclalmeri the term of thls
With a database management system to facilitate versioning
Patent 15 extended or adlusted under 35
of a database table, the system including a database table and
U'S'C' 154(k)) by 0 days‘
a version control module. The database table comprises a
plurality of records, each record including at least one data
?eld for storing user data and at least some of the records
Appl- NOJ 09/557,592
_
including a version control ?eld including version control
(22) Flled'
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Primary Exammer—Alford Kindred
(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Ditthavong & Carlson, PC.
Apr‘ 22’ 2000
information. The version control module is con?gured to, in
Int. Cl.7 ......................... .. G06F 12/00; G06F 9/44;
response to a user query related to the database table and
G06F 15/00
US. Cl. ..................... .. 707/203; 715/509; 715/511;
717/170
Field of Search ............................... .. 707/1—5, 203,
related to a version, generate an augmented query for
processing by the data base management system, the aug
mented query relating to the user query and the version
Control information The Version Control module facilitates
7075011, 511; 717/101, 120, 170; 715/509,
association of versions of the database With respective ones
511
of a hierarchy of states and alloWs con?icts therebetWeen to
(56)
be resolved, data to be posted from child states to respective
parent states in the hierarchy, and referential constraints
betWeen tables to be preserved.
References Cited
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
5,546,576 A
*
8/1996 Cochrane et al. ............ .. 707/2
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9 Claims, 19 Drawing Sheets
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VERSION TREE
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STORE 15
VERSION CONTROL
SUBSYSTEM 11
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STATE INFO
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U.S. Patent
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FIG.3
3TVER\lS0IOEN
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F I (i. 4
100. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 1 1 RECEIVES A
QUERY FROM A USER
@1. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER THE QUERY IS TO ENABLE A NEW RECORD TO
BE CREATED, TO ENABLE A RECORD TO BE UPDATED,
TO ENABLE DATA TO BE RETRIEVED FROM ONE OR
MORE RECORDS, OR TO ENABLE A RECORD TO BE
DELETED
UPDATE
RETIIIIEVE
RECORD
DA‘I'A
CREATE NEIN RECORD
102. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES AN
AUGMENTED QUERY INCLUDING INFORMATION FROM
THE QUERY RECEIVED IN STEP 1 00, A VERSION
IDENTIFIER IDENTIFYING THE VERSION WITH WHICH THE
USER IS OPERATING, AND A NEXT VERSION IDENTIFIER
COMPRISING THE DEFAULT VALUE
103. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 PROVIDES THE
AUGMENTED QUERY TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
DELETE A RECORD
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110. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES A
QUERY TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO RETRIEVE THE
RECORD VERSION FOR WHICH THE RECORD IS TO BE
UPDATED
111. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 RECEIVES THE
RECORD VERSION
114. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 PROVIDES, AS
THE VERSION IDENTIFIER FOR THE UPDATED RECORD
VERSION, THE VERSION IDENTIFIER FOR THE VERSION
THAT THE USER IS USING
16. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES A
QUERY TO ENABLE THE DBMS TO CREATE A NEW ROW,
INCLUDING DATA FROM THE RECORD VERSION
IDENTIFIED IN STEP 112, AS UPDATED BY THE UPDATE
DATA IN THE IN THE QUERY RECEIVED IN STEP 100, A
VERSION IDENTIFIER AS PROVIDED IN STEP 114 OR 115,
AND A NEXT VERSION IDENTIFIER COMPRISING THE
EFAULT VALUE
117. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 PROVIDES THE
QUERY TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
18. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO
APPEND THE VERSION IDENTIFIER USED IN STEP 116 TO
THE NEXT VERSION FIELD OF THE RECORD VERSION
FROM WHICH USER DATA WAS RECEIVED IN STEP 111,
AND PROVIDES THE QUERY TO THE DBMS 12 FOR
PROCESSING
FI
A
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120. THE VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11
GENERATES ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE THE
DBMS 12 TO RETRIEVE, FOR EACH RECORD WHICH
WOULD SATISFY THE QUERY, DATA FROM THE RECORD
VERSION APPROPRIATE TO THE VERSION THAT THE
USER IS USING
121. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 RECEIVES THE
DATA FROM THE RECORD VERSION ASSOCIATED WITH
EACH RESPECTIVE RECORD
123. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 PROVIDES THE
DATA THEREFROM TO THE USER
FI
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QM
130. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES A
QUERY TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO RETRIEVE THE
RECORD VERSION FOR WHICH THE RECORD IS TO BE
DELETED
131. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 RECEIVES THE
RECORD VERSION
132. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER THE VERSION IDENTIFIER FIELD OF THE
RECORD VERSION IDENTIFIES THE VERSION FOR WHICH
THE RECORD IS TO BE DELETED
133. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES A
QUERY TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO SET THE DELETE
FLAG OF THE RECORD VERSION RECEIVED IN STEP 131
AND PROVIDES IT TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
34. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES A
QUERY TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO CREATE A NEW
RECORD VERSION, INCLUDING USER INFORMATION
FROM RECORD VERSION RECEIVED IN STEP 131, A
VERSION IDENTIFIER IDENTIFYING THE VERSION FOR
WHICH THE RECORD IS TO BE DELETED, THE DEFAULT
VALUE FOR THE NEXT VERSION IDENTIFIER FIELD AND
THE SET DELETED FLAG.
135. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES A
QUERY TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO UPDATE THE
RECORD VERSION WHOSE CONTENTS WERE RECEIVED
IN STEP 131 TO ADD VERSION IDENTIFIER FOR VERSION
FOR WHICH RECORD IS TO BE DELETED TO NEXT
VERSION IDENTIFIER FIELD.
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150. USER NOTIFIES THE VERSION CONTROL
SUBSYSTEM 11 THAT HE OR SHE WISHES TO PERFORM A
CONFLICT DETECTION AND RESOLUTION OPERATION IN
CONNECTION WITH A VERSION STATE AND ITS PARENT
STATE
1. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 QUERIES THE
DBMS 12 TO RETRIEVE ALL RECORD VERSIONS FOR
RECORDS THAT ARE MODIFIED (ADDED, UPDATED,
DELETED) IN THE CHILD STATE AND THAT ARE MODIFIED
IN THE PARENT STATE IN A VERSION THAT WAS
CREATED IN THE PARENT STATE AFTER THE CHILD
STATE WAS CREATED; IF MULTIPLE RECORD VERSIONS
OF THE SAME RECORD SATISFY THE QUERY, THE
RECORD VERSION ASSOCIATED WITH THE LAST
VERSION IN THE PARENT STATE IS PROVIDED BY THE
BMS 12.
52. FOR EACH RECORD FOR WHICH A CONFLICT
EXISTS, RECORD VERSIONS FOR (i) THE LATEST
VERSION IN THE CHILD STATE, (I) THE LATEST VERSION
IN THE PARENT STATE, AND (iii) A BASE VERSION
COMPRISING THE LAST VERSION BEFORE THE RECORD
WAS MODIFIED IN THE PARENT AND CHILD STATE, ARE
PROVIDED TO THE USER.
LATEST
VERSION
IN
PARENT
STATE
153. FOR A RECORD FOR WHICH A CONFLICT EXISTS,
USER SELECTS A RECORD VERSION
BASE
LATEST VERSIO
IN CHILD STATE
VERSION
5 we)
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F]
@ VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO (i)
COPY USER DATA FROM THE RECORD VERSION
ASSOCIATED WITH THE CHILD STATE TO RECORD
VERSION ASSOCIATED WITH THE LATEST VERSION OF
THE PARENT STATE, AND (ii) INSERT THE VERSION
IDENTIFIER OF THE LATEST VERSION OF THE CHILD
STATE IN THE NEXT VERSION IDENTIFIER FIELD 23 OF
THE LATEST VERSION OF THE PARENT STATE, AND
PROVIDES THE QUERIES TO THE DBMS FOR
ROCESSING
55. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO
STORE A SYNCHRONIZATION VALUE IN THE
SYNCHRONIZE FIELD 24 OF THE RECORD VERSIONS
ASSOCIATED WITH THE LATEST VERSIONS OF BOTH THE
CHILD AND PARENT STATE, THEREBY TO INDICATE THAT
THE TWO VERSIONS ARE SYNCHRONIZED
158. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER THERE ARE ANY ADDITIONAL RECORDS FOR
WHICH A CONFLICT EXISTS
N
159. DONE
A
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6 VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO (i)
COPY USER DATA FROM THE RECORD VERSION
ASSOCIATED WITH THE PARENT STATE TO RECORD
VERSION ASSOCIATED WITH THE LATEST VERSION OF
THE CHILD STATE, AND (ii) INSERT THE VERSION
IDENTIFIER OF THE LATEST VERSION OF THE PARENT
STATE IN THE NEXT VERSION IDENTIFIER FIELD 23 OF
THE LATEST VERSION OF THE CHILD STATE, AND
PROVIDES THE QUERIES TO THE DBMS FOR
ROCESSING
57. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO (I)
COPY USER DATA FROM THE BASE RECORD VERSION
TO THE RECORD VERSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THE
LATEST VERSION OF BOTH THE PARENT STATE AND THE
CHILD STATE THE CHILD STATE, AND (I) INSERT THE
VERSION IDENTIFIERS OF THE LATEST VERSIONS OF
BOTH THE PARENT AND CHILD STATES IN THE NEXT
VERSION IDENTIFIER FIELD 23 OF THE BASE VERSION,
AND PROVIDES THE QUERIES TO THE DBMS FOR
ROCESSING
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170. USER NOTIFIES THE VERSION CONTROL
SUBSYSTEM 11 THAT A POST OPERATION IS TO BE
PERFORMED IN CONNECTION WITH A CHILD STATE AND
ITS PARENT STATE
171. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 PERFORMS A
CONFLICT RESOLUTION OPERATION FOR ALL
CONFLICTING RECORDS IN LATEST VERSIONS OF
PARENT AND CHILD STATES (REFERENCE FIG. 5)
72. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE DBMS 12 TO COPY
THE USER DATA FROM THE LATEST VERSION OF ALL
RECORDS IN THE LATEST VERSION OF THE CHILD STATE
WHICH HAVE BEEN MODIFIED SINCE THE LAST POST
OPERATION INTO THE LATEST VERSION OF THE PARENT
STATE, AND PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR
ROCESSING
173. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE DBMS 12 TO INSERT
THE VERSION IDENTIFIER OF THE LATEST VERSION OF
CHILD STATE IN RECORD VERSIONS IN WHICH USER
DATA WAS COPIED IN STEP 172, AND PROVIDES THEM TO
THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
174. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO ENABLE THE DBMS 12 TO
STORE A SYNCHRONIZATION VALUE IN THE
SYNCHRONIZE FIELD 24 OF THE RECORD VERSIONS
ASSOCIATED WITH THE LATEST VERSIONS OF BOTH THE
CHILD AND PARENT STATE, THEREBY TO INDICATE THAT
THE TWO VERSIONS ARE SYNCHRONIZED, AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
175. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 STORES LIST OF
VERSION IDENTIFIERS OF RECORD VERSIONS IN THE
CHILD STATE FROM WHICH DATA WAS COPIED IN STEP
1 72.
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180. USER NOTIFIES THE VERSION CONTROL
SUBSYSTEM 11 THAT A REFRESH OPERATION IS TO BE
PERFORMED IN CONNECTION WITH A CHILD STATE AND
ITS PARENT STATE
181. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 PERFORMS A
CONFLICT RESOLUTION OPERATION FOR ALL
CONFLICTING RECORDS IN LATEST VERSIONS OF
PARENT AND CHILD STATES (REFERENCE FIG. 5)
182. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 UPDATES
VERSION HIERARCHY INFORMATION TO INCLUDE ALL
VERSIONS CREATED IN THE PARENT STATE AFTER THE
CHILD STATE WAS CREATED IN VERSION HIERARCHY OF
CHILD STATE .
83. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE QUERIES TO CHAIN EACH RECORD
VERSION WHOSE USER DATA WAS POSTED FROM THE
CHILD STATE INTO THE PARENT STATE, AS IDENTIFIED
BY THE SYNCHRONIZE VALUES IN THEIR SYNCHRONIZE
FIELDS 24, BY STORING THE VERSION IDENTIFIER FOR
THE CHILD VERSION IN THE NEXT VERSION IDENTIFIER
FIELD 23 OF THE RESPECTIVE RECORD VERSION
ASSOCIATED WITH THE PARENT STATE.
184. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 ESTABLISHES
NEW CHILD VERSION OF LAST VERSION IN THE PARENT
STATE
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00. USER ISSUES A QUERY THAT WOULD ENABLE THE
DBMS 12 TO PERFORM AN OPERATION IN CONNECTION
WITH A DATABASE TABLE 13n THAT IS OF A TYPE THAT
WOULD BE SUBJECT TO A REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY
CONSTRAINT
201. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER THE DATABASE TABLE WITH RESPECT TO
WHICH THE QUERY IS TO BE PROCESSED HAS A
REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT IN CONNECTION
WITH ANOTHER (PARENT) DATABASE TABLE
202. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 PROCESSES
THE QUERY AS DESCRIBED ABOVE
203. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 1 1 DETERMINES
WHETHER BOTH CHILD AND PARENT TABLES ARE
VERSION-ENABLED
ND
f
204. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER QUERY IS TO ENABLE AN OPERATION TO BE
PERFORMED ON CHILD TABLE
205. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER QUERY IS TO INSERT A NEW ROW OR UPDATE
AN EXISTING RECORD VERSION THAT CHANGES VALUE
OF "FOREIGN KEY"
YES
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206. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE-OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES AS NECESSARY
TO ENABLE OPERATION TO BE PERFORMED AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
07. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER A CORRESPONDING RECORD EXISTS IN THE
PARENT TABLE IN A VERSION THAT IS IN THE VERSION
HIERARCHY BETWEEN THE ROOT VERSION AND THE
VERSION ASSOCIATED WITH THE VERSION BEING USED
IN THE CHILD TABLE; IF MULTIPLE RECORD VERSIONS
EXIST IN THE VERSION HIERARCHY, THE RECORD
VERSION ASSOCIATED WITH THE VERSION IN THE
HIERARCHY THAT IS CLOSEST TO THE VERSION BEING
USED IN THE CHILD TABLE IS USED.
208. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 REJECTS THE
QUERY
209. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES AS NECESSARY
TO ENABLE OPERATION TO BE PERFORMED AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
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210. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER QUERY IS TO ENABLE A RECORD VERSION
THAT IS_ THE REFERENTIAL CONSTRAINT TO BE
DELETED, OR A CASCADE DELETE
211. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES TO ENABLE DBMS
12 TO DELETE ALL RECORDS IN THE CHILD TABLE THAT
ARE DEPENDENT ON THE PARENT TABLE RECORD AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
212. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES TO ENABLE DBMS
12 TO DELETE RECORD IN THE PARENT TABLE AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
213. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER THE QUERY IS TO ENABLE A RESTRICTED
DELETE OR AN UPDATE OF A RECORD VERSION
214. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES AS NECESSARY
TO ENABLE OPERATION TO BE PERFORMED AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
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215. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER THERE ARE ANY RECORDS IN THE CHILD
TABLE THAT DEPEND ON THE PARENT TABLE RECORD
TO BE DELETED OR UPDATED
216. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 REJECTS
OPERATION
217. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES AS NECESSARY
TO ENABLE OPERATION TO BE PERFORMED AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
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220. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER CHILD TABLE IS VERSION ENABLEDI BUT
PARENT TABLE IS NOT
221. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 1 1 DETERMINES
WHETHER OPERATION IS TO BE PERFORMED IN
CONNECTION WITH CHILD TABLE
NO
222. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER QUERY IS TO INSERT A NEW ROW OR UPDATE
AN EXISTING RECORD VERSION THAT CHANGES VALUE
OF "FOREIGN KEY“
223. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES AS NECESSARY
TO ENABLE OPERATION TO BE PERFORMED AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
224. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 DETERMINES
WHETHER A CORRESPONDING RECORD EXISTS IN THE
PARENT TABLE
225. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 REJECTS
QUERY
YES
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226. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES AS NECESSARY
TO ENABLE OPERATION TO BE PERFORMED AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
227. VERSION CONTROL SUBSYSTEM 11 GENERATES
ONE OR MORE AUGMENTED QUERIES AS NECESSARY
TO ENABLE OPERATION TO BE PERFORMED AND
PROVIDES THEM TO THE DBMS 12 FOR PROCESSING
FI
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