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How Does the Bladder Work? Presented by (insert name of presenter here) Urinary System The urinary system is responsible for getting rid of waste products in the form of urine. Urinary System Kidney: Removes waste products from the blood and produces urine Ureter: Moves the urine from the kidneys to the bladder Bladder: Holds the urine until it is full Urethra: The tube through which the urine flows out of the body Anatomy of the Urinary Tract Female Upper Urinary Tract Lower Urinary Tract Male Kidney Ureter Bladder Urethra Anatomy of the Female Urinary Tract Ureter Abdominal muscles Rectum Bladder Pubic bone Pelvic floor External urethral sphincter Urethra Vagina Anatomy of the Male Urinary Tract Ureter Rectum Internal urethral sphincter Pelvic floor External urethral sphincter Abdominal muscles Bladder Pubic bone Prostate gland Urethra Penis Structure of the Bladder Ureter Detrusor smooth muscle External urethral sphincter Pelvic floor Prostate gland Detrusor Muscle (x25) Mucous membrane Smooth muscle and connective tissues Muscarinic Receptors in the Parasympathetic Nervous System CNS Visual disturbances Iris/ciliary body Lacrimal gland Dry mouth Parotid gland Sublingual gland Submaxillary gland Heart Palpitation/Tachycardia Liver Stomach Colon Small intestine Constipation Detrusor muscle Urinary retention Micturition Reflex Brain Direction of nerve impulse Spinal cord Bladder Pelvic floor Bladder Control System bladder muscle bladder urine Urethra closed Sphincter Muscles Squeezed Shut bladder muscle bladder urine Urethra open Sphincter Muscles Relaxed Bladder Filling & Emptying Cycle 1. Bladder fills Detrusor muscle relaxes Urethral sphincter contracts Detrusor muscle contracts Urination The cycle of bladder filling and emptying Urethral sphincter relaxes 3. Urination voluntarily inhibited until time and place are right 2. First desire to urinate (bladder half full) Normal Control of Urination Overactive Bladder