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Hazard Communication
This picture shows brake cleaner stored in front of oxygen.
Flammable and combustible materials must be stored at least 20 ft.
away from oxygen.
Introduction
• About 32 million workers work with and are
potentially exposed to one or more chemical hazards
• There are approximately 650,000 existing chemical
products, and hundreds of new ones being
introduced annually
• Chemical exposure may cause or contribute to many
serious health effects such as heart ailments, central
nervous system damage, kidney and lung damage,
sterility, cancer, burns, and rashes
• Some chemicals may also be safety hazards and have
the potential to cause fires and explosions and other
serious accidents
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health
Administration) often cites companies for
violations of this standard.
Standard
#
$ in Penalties
Citations
Description
1910.1200
3285
633393.97
Hazard Communication
1910.0147
3274
4958131.31
Lockout/Tagout
1910.134
2533
658683.97
Respiratory Protection
1910.0212
2402
3787134.86
Machines, general
requirements
1910.0305
2055
754403.04
Electrical
1910.0219
1889
1320907.06
Mechanical power
transmission apparatus
Purpose of OSHA’s Hazard
Communication Standard
To ensure that employers and employees know
about work hazards and how to protect themselves
so that the incidence of illnesses and injuries due to
hazardous chemicals is reduced. There are three
components of Cummins’ program.
Hazard
Communication
Program
Container
Labeling
Material Safety
Data Sheet
MSDS
Program
Label
Application
• The hazard communication rule applies
to any chemical which is known to be
present in the workplace in such a
manner that employees may be exposed
under normal conditions of use or in a
foreseeable emergency.
Products Exempt from this
Rule
• Any hazardous waste as defined by the Solid
Waste Disposal Act;
• Any hazardous substance defined by (CERCLA)
• Tobacco or tobacco products;
• Wood or wood products, including lumber.
• Articles. By definition, a manufactured item is
exempted as an article if "under normal
conditions of use it does not release more than
very small quantities
Products Exempt from this
Rule
• Food or alcoholic beverages which are sold, used, or
prepared in a retail establishment
• Any drug.
• Cosmetics
• Any consumer product or hazardous substance where
the employer can show that it is used in the
workplace for the purpose intended by the chemical
manufacturer or importer of the product,
• Nuisance particulates (dust)
• Ionizing and nonionizing radiation
• Biological hazards.
What are Hazardous
Chemicals?
"Any chemical which is a physical or health hazard."
• Physical hazards - are chemical reactions that could
result in a fire, explosion, and/or toxic gas release which
cause physical trauma if chemicals are handled or stored
improperly.
• Health hazards - are health effects (illness or disease)
caused directly by the chemicals themselves, not an injury
resulting from a reaction. All chemical materials can cause
health problems under the wrong conditions.
Forms of Hazardous Chemicals
• Dusts - are finely divided particles.
• Fumes - are even smaller particles usually formed when solid
metal is heated and vaporized, and then condenses as tiny
particles.
• Fibers - are similar to dusts but are of an elongated shape.
Examples - asbestos and fiberglass.
• Mists - are liquid droplets that have been sprayed into the
atmosphere.
• Vapors - are gases formed when liquid evaporates.
• Gases - are substances that are normally airborne at room
temperature. A vapor is the gaseous phase of a substance which
is a normally a liquid or solid at room temperature.
• Solids - such as metal, treated wood, plastic.
• Liquids - the most common form in the workplace.
How must chemicals be
labeled?
Each container of hazardous
chemicals entering the workplace
must be labeled or marked with:
• Identity of the chemical
• Appropriate hazard warnings
• Name and address of the
responsible party
Container Labeling in the
Workplace
• We'll take a look at the labeling
requirements for three types of
containers referred to in the hazard
communication standard:
– Primary containers
– Secondary containers
– Stationary containers
– Portable containers
Primary Container Labeling
• Most containers you receive directly from
the manufacturer or purchase from a
distributor are called primary containers.
– Identity of the hazardous chemical(s);
– Appropriate hazard warnings, including target
organ effects of the hazardous chemical; and
– Name and address of the chemical
manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party.
In this case, acids should never be stored with bases, such as bleach.
If you don’t know which chemicals can be stored together, look at
the Material Safety Data Sheet.
Secondary Container Labeling
• Each secondary container of hazardous
chemicals in the workplace must be
labeled, tagged or marked with at least
the following information:
– Identity of the hazardous chemical(s) contained
therein; and,
– Appropriate hazard warnings, or words, pictures,
and/or symbols which provide at least general
information regarding the hazards of the chemicals,
If you create a secondary container – Label it!
Without a label, what is this?
Alternative Labeling
• You will encounter the use of alternative
labeling systems such as the HMIS (Hazardous
Materials Information System), NFPA, and
others.
Portable Container Labeling
• Portable containers are used to transfer
hazardous chemicals from labeled
containers, and are intended only for the
immediate use of the employee who
performs the transfer. The employer is
not required to label portable containers.
Material Safety Data Sheets
Every chemical on-site has an MSDS that was
prepared by the chemical manufacturer or importer.
The MSDS can be of any length and should contain
the following sections.
• Product and Company
Identification
• Accidental Release Measures
• Composition / Information on
Ingredients
• Exposure Control / Personal
Protection
• Hazards Identification
• First Aid Measures
• Physical and Chemical
Properties
• Fire Fighting Measures
• Stability and Reactivity
• Accidental Release Measures
• Toxicological information
• Handling and Storage
• Disposal Considerations
• Transport Information
Material Safety Data Sheets
(cont’d)
• The master list of MSDSs is kept by the
first aid station and MSDS binders are
located in each of the service trucks.
Also, a phone MSDS service can be used
to fax over MSDSs immediately as
needed. The phone number is 1-800451-8346 (3E Company).
All flammable and combustible liquids must be covered
whenever stored. This is noted on the MSDS for diesel fuel.
Hazard Communication
If you have any questions on Hazard
Communication, contact your supervisor or
submit using the “ASK THE EXPERT” menu
selection on this website.