Download Unit 1-Global Trade

Unit #1-Global Trade
Review/Preview
 1400-1700’s
 Finished last year talking about the Age of Exploration.
 Europe is the center of the world during this time.
 European Nation’s are looking for new trading partners,
goods, and routes.
 European’s were exploring
mostly by sea.
The “Old World”
 Europe, Africa, and Asia in the early 1400’s.
Trade
 Europeans wanted goods such as spices, silk, and tea
from “the Indies” or Southeast Asia.
 The Silk Road
 It ran from Europe to the Indies
 Was kept safe by Chinese Rulers
Decline of the Silk Road
 New rulers took over control of the Silk Road
 It became dangerous
 They increased taxes
 Europeans looked for new way to get the same products.
Rise of Ottoman Empire
 Ottoman rulers became “middle-men” in trade between
Europeans and Asians
 Asian goods became too expensive for most Europeans to buy
Why did Europeans want to
explore?
 To find new trade routes to the Indies
 Wanted to go around the “middle men” and trade
directly with merchants in the Indies to get rich
 For glory and adventure
 To spread their culture
 Christian religion and European values
Pause and Write
 What might have prevented explorers from reaching the
new worlds or far corners of the earth?
Obstacles to Exploration
 Lack of knowledge of the world at the current time.
 Lack of navigation technology
 Lack of ship technology
Obstacles to Exploration
 Ocean currents and wind patterns
 Sometimes carried ships off course
 Sailors had to ride with the currents and winds
 Limited ability to explore far away places
Age of Exploration
 Explorers began to share information.
 Maps, Navigation tools, inventions, ship construction
 Technology made exploration easier.
Exploration Technology
Invention
Description
Compass
A device which helped sailors find
direction by using a magnetized needle
which always pointed north
Astrolabe
A device which helped sailors use the
position of the stars to figure out their
location (latitude)
Caravel
Gunpowder
A fast, lightweight ship which used
triangular sails and a rudder for easier
navigation at sea and in shallow waters
A mixture of chemicals that explodes when lit
Used in guns and cannons for:
-protection from other Europeans
-to dominate trade
-to fight against natives
-to hunt for food
Age of Exploration
 It can also be called the Age of Discovery.
 European countries involved were:
 Spain
 Portugal
 England
 France
 Netherlands
(Dutch)
Spain vs. Portugal
 In the 15th Century the two powerful countries were
Spain and Portugal.
 They were also very heavily involved in exploration.
 When Columbus founded America, there was a dispute.
 The world was divided into two halves. Spain got one
half and Portugal got the other.
 This was known as the Treaty of Tordesillas.
Spain
 Early on Spain was looking for new trade routes to
South East Asia for gold, silver, and spices.
 In 1492 Christopher Columbus sailed west across the
Atlantic Ocean in hope of finding the West Indies.
Spain
 Spain by the 17th Century had claimed most of South
America.
 They also claimed Florida.
Portugal
 Portuguese started by exploring the west coast of Africa.
 In 1492 Portuguese explorer Vasco de Game found India
by sailing around Africa.
England
 England by the 18th Century had laid claim to most of
the East coast of what is today the United States.
France
 France did not claim as much land as the other major
European countries.
 They did claim some of Latin America.
Netherlands
 The Dutch claimed a small portion of South America.
 They also claimed many of the islands of the coast of
Asia, called Indonesia.
Voyages of Exploration
Summary
 Flip Note Sheet Over to the Back