Download Quiz # 1 Chapters 1 and 2

Practice Questions for Lectures 2 & 3
Geology 1200
Use these questions to test your knowledge of Lectures 2 & 3.
You will need both lectures to complete this.
A. Short answer:
1. Atoms heavier than Hydrogen and Helium need ______ electrons in their
outer shell to achieve stability.
2. A rock is defined as a naturally occurring aggregate, or combination, of
one or more _______________.
3. Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are
called ___________.
4. ________ is the first mineral to crystallize out of a hot basaltic magma.
B. Match the terms
1. Ionic bond _____
a. Intermediate silica content
2. Covalent bond ______
b. Coarse grain basalt
3. Quartz ____
c. Fine grain granite
4. Phaneritic texture ____
d. A Framework Silicate
5. Gabbro ____
e. Cooled slowly
6. Andesite _____
f. Atoms share electrons
7. Rhyolite _____
g. Atoms lose or gain electrons
8. Aphanitic Texture _____
h. Cooled quickly
C. True or False?
1. In geology, a mineral is defined as a naturally occurring, inorganic solid,
consisting of one or more chemical elements in specific proportions,
whose atoms are arranged in a systematic internal pattern. True or False?
2. An ionic bond is much stronger than a covalent bond. True or False?
3. Pyroxenes are examples of sheet silicates. True or False?
4. Magma may be a combination of liquid, solid crystals, and dissolved
gasses. True or False?
5. If newly formed Olivine crystals are left in contact with a magma, they
can continue to incorporate silica, and their tetrahedra can become linked
in the single chain structure of Pyroxene. True or False?
6. Smaller plutonic features, such as dikes and sills, generally appear in
divergent (rifting) zones. True or False?
7. When ocean lithosphere is carried by subduction down into the earths
interior water is forced out. Some minerals in the mantle melt, forming
magmas. True or False?
8. Most granitic intrusions appear above subduction zones that dip beneath
continents, and are formed when large rising magmas melt silica-rich
rocks in the crust. True or False?
9. Solid rocks that form deep in the Earth's interior may be raised to
shallower levels during a continental collision. True or False?
10.The silica tetrahedra in Olivine are bonded to one another. True or False?
11. The metals that balance the charge in Olivine are aluminum and copper.
True or False?
D. Multiple choice:
1. The smallest particle of an ELEMENT that retains all of that element's
properties is the
a. proton
b. molecule
c. atom
d. mineral
2. The most abundant mineral group is the
a. oxides
b. carbonates
c. silicates
d. sulfides
3. Some important rock-forming minerals are
a. Sphene, Rhodonite, Marcasite, Cuprite, Sillimanite.
b. Olivine, Pyroxenes, Amphiboles, Micas, Feldspars and Quartz
c. Wulfenite, Franklinite, Zincite, Andalucite, Pyrope
d. All of the above
4. The most important factor controlling rock texture is
a. The composition of the parent magma
b. The rate of cooling of the magma
c. The amount of magma available
d. The amount of pressure on the magma
5. In divergent (rifting) zones, the magmas that rise are typically
a. mafic
b. felsic
c. intermediate in silica content
E. Mixed Format.
1. Describe the Silicon-Oxygen Tetrahedron. Why is it important? How do
Olivines, Pyroxenes, Amphiboles, Micas, and Feldspars and Quartz differ in
the arrangement and oxygen sharing of their silicon tetrahedra? Use
diagrams to illustrate your answer.
2. Suppose that Olivine has crystallized out of a melt and has settled to the
bottom of a magma chamber. The Olivine crystals are no longer in contact
with the melt. Will the remaining minerals that form later (at cooler
temperatures) have more or less silica than the mafic minerals? Why?
(Hint: Remember the black and white marble demonstration in lecture)