Download resistance exercise ii

RESISTANCE EXERCISE II
Collected By
Dr. Michael Banoub
Sorour
TYPES OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE




Manual Resistance Exercise
Mechanical Resistance Exercise
Isometric Exercise (Static Exercise)
Dynamic Exercise
Isometric Exercise: Indications

To prevent or minimize muscle atrophy when
joint movement is not possible.

To begin to re-establish neuromuscular
control after soft tissue injury or surgery.
• To develop postural or joint stability.
• To improve muscle strength when use of
dynamic resistance exercise cause joint
pain.
• To develop static muscle strength at
particular points in the ROM with specific
task-related needs.
Dynamic Exercise


Concentric and Eccentric
Constant and Variable Resistance
Isokinetic Exercise
Isokinetic exercise is a form of dynamic
exercise in which the velocity of muscle
shortening or lengthening and the angular
limb velocity is predetermined and held
constant by a rate-limiting device known as
an isokinetic dynamometer.
The term
isokinetic refers to movement that occurs at
an equal (constant) velocity.
Open-Chain and Closed-Chain Exercise

“Open kinetic chain” applies to completely
unrestricted movement in space of a
peripheral segment of the body.

"Closed kinetic chain" if the terminal segment
remains fixed, the force moves the proximal
segments over the stationary distal
segments.
PRECAUTIONS
EXERCISE




FOR
RESISTANCE
Temperature.
Pain.
Do not initiate resistance training at a
maximal level of resistance, particularly with
eccentric exercise to minimize delayed-onset
muscle soreness (DOMS).
Avoid use of heavy resistance during
exercise for children, older adults, and
patients with osteoporosis.
• Do not apply resistance across an
unstable joint or distal to a fracture site
that is not completely healed.
• Prevent incorrect or substitute motions by
adequate stabilization and an appropriate
level of resistance.
• Avoid exercises that place excessive
secondary stress on the back.
• Be aware of medications a patient is using
that can alter responses to exercise.
• Discontinue exercises if the patient
experiences pain, dizziness, or unusual
shortness of breath.
Advantages Manual Resistance
Exercise:



Most effective during the early stages of
rehabilitation when muscles are weak (4/5 or
less).
Effective form of exercise for transition from
assisted
to
mechanically
resisted
movements.
Resistance is adjusted throughout the ROM
as the therapist responds to the patient’s
efforts.
• Muscle works maximally at all portions of
the ROM. (Why)
• Useful for dynamic or static strengthening.
• Direct manual stabilization
substitute motions.
prevents
• Can be performed in a variety of patient
positions.
• Placement of resistance is easily adjusted.
• Gives the therapist an opportunity for
direct interaction with the patient to
monitor the patient’s performance.
Disadvantages Manual Resistance
Exercise:





Exercise load is subjective. ( Is it work for PRE?)
Amount of resistance is limited. (So it is not enough.)
Speed of movement is slow to moderate. (functional
activities.)
Not useful in home program unless caregiver
assistance is available.
Labor- and time-intensive for the therapist.
-Passive ROM (PROM) is movement of a
segment within the unrestricted ROM that is
produced entirely by an active force ( )

Relative Strength


The amount of weight lifted relative to the
person's body weight
Measured as a ratio:
Relative Strength = weight lifted (lb.)
body weight (lb.)
Sample Calculation

 A:
Question: Who’s stronger:
250 pound person who can lift 200 pounds
 B: 150 pound person who can lift 175 pounds

Answer: B
 A:
relative strength = 200/250 = .80
 B: relative strength = 175/150 = 1.17