Download CROSS-CULTURE COMMUNATION

CROSS-CULTURE
COMMUNICATION
PRESENTED BY
DINESH RAMI REDDY.M.R
INRODUCTION :
Cross-culture communication involves
understanding culture difference and
overcoming language problems.
Business has become more global.
Communicating across cultures effectively
improves your productivity and efficiency
and promotes harmonious work
environments.
ROLE OF CULTURE :
Culture is “the shared ways in which groups
of people understand and interpret the
world.
Two qualifying statements begin this study
of culture:
Culture is often improperly assumed to be the cause of
miscommunication.
It is easy to over generalize culture practices.
PROBLEMS OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCES :
Two of dimensions that impact communications
are the cultural differences in :
Body Positions and Movements.
Views and practices concerning various factors of
human relationships(time, space, intimacy, odors,
frankness, values, emotions).
Body Positions and Movements:
Body positions and movements differ among
cultures and the differences can effect
communication.
Some of the movements have no definite
meaning even within a culture. But some have
clear meanings and they differ by culture.
COMMUNICATION WITH BODY PARTS :
'OK' to a Westerner, 'money' to a Japanese, 'zero'
to the French and ‘insulting’ to the Turks and
Brazilians.
This can mean 'two' to an American ,'Victory' to a
German and 'Up yours' in Britain.
COMMUNICATION WITH BODY PARTS :
If a Saudi man holds another man's hand in
public it's a sign of mutual respect. But don't do it
in Australia, Texas or Liverpool, England.
An Analysis of Handshake :
The handshake evolved as a way men
could cement a commercial deal with each
other.
The Lower Arm Grasp - checking for concealed
weapons - the original Roman
method of greeting.
COMMUNICATION WITH BODY PARTS :
EYE MOVEMENTS :
The meanings that movements of our eyes convey also
vary by culture.
In North America we are taught to maintain eye contact
in giving formal speech. But in Indonesia , it is considered
to be disrespectful.
SMILE :
In our culture, smiles are viewed positively in most
situations. But in some other cultures (notably African
cultures), a smile is regarded as a sign of weakness in
certain situations.
Views and Practices Concerning Factors of
Human Relations :
Differing attitudes toward various factors of human
relationships cause communication problems.
For illustrative purposes, we will review seven major
factors.
TIME :
Views about time differ widely. Some cultures stress
punctuality and some do not.
SPACE : Space is viewed differently by different
culture. In some cultures, people want to be far
apart and in other cultures, they want to be
close.
ODORS : Some cultures view body odors as bad
and others view them as normal.
Views and Practices Concerning Factors of
Human Relations :
FRANKNESS : Low-context cultures are more frank
and explicit than high-context cultures.
INTIMACY OF RELATIONSHIPS : In many cultures,
strict social classes exist and class status
determines how intimately people are addressed
and treated in communication.
VALUES : Each culture has different values
concerning such matters as attitude towards
work, employee-employer relations and authority.
EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS : Social behavior
varies by culture, such as practices concerning
affection, laughter, and emotion.
EFFECTS ON BUSINESS COMMUNICATION
TECHINQUES :
Cultural differences affect communication.
Our communication techniques are not universally
acceptable.
The Indians and even the British have practices
different from others.
We must modify our communications to fit the culture
of our recipients.
PROBLEMS OF LANGUAGE :
The people on earth use more than 3,000
languages.
Communication problems are caused by the
existence of many languages.
LACK OF LANGUAGE EQUIVALENCY :
Differences among languages make equivalent
translations difficult.
Grammar and syntax differences add to the
difficulty.
The problem of multiple word meanings .Like
English, other languages have more than one
meaning for many words.
LACK OF LANGUAGE EQUIVALENCY :
Certain of our expressions don’t mean what their
dictionary and grammatical structures say they
mean.
Even words with the same meaning can differ in
usage by culture.
Overcome such language problems by knowing
languages well and by questioning.
Use back translating for important communications.
DIFFICULTIES IN USING ENGLISH :
English is the primary language of international
business.
Many non-natives have problems using English.
One of the most difficult problems for non-native
speakers of English is the use of two-word verbs.
Two-Word Verbs :
By two-word verbs we mean a word consisting of
a verb and a second element that, combined
with the verb, produces a meaning that the verb
alone does not have.
Example: break away, break out, break in, etc…
DIFFICULTIES IN USING ENGLISH :
Use two-word verbs sparingly and find substitutes
for those words that appear in standard
dictionaries.
Some two-word verbs have noun and adjective
forms. Use them sparingly.
CULTURALLY DERIVED WORDS :
Culturally derived words, especially slang, cause
problems.
Most slang words are not in dictionaries or on the
word lists that non-English-speaking people study
to learn English. So avoid slang.
DIFFICULTIES IN USING ENGLISH :
Words derived from sports, social activities, and so
on cause problems.
Colloquialisms also cause problems.
We use such words in everyday communication.
But avoid them in cross-culture correspondence.
A General Suggestion For Communicating Cross
Cultures:
Use simple, basic English.
Word questions carefully to elicit the response
intended.
Continually check the accuracy of the
communication.