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MONISM
By:
Nadia R.
Angelita U.
Jamila B.
Katalina
Definition:
• A metaphysical theory that says that reality consists of
one all-encompassing thing and that all particular things
are expressions of this one thing
Source: Philosophy: Questions & Theories
Monism
• The term monism was introduced in the 18th century by philosopher
Christian von Wolff in this work, Logic (1728).
• Monism is a philosophical worldview in which all of reality can be reduced
to one “thing” or “substance.” This view is opposite of dualism, which states
that all of reality is reducible to two substances, for example, good and evil,
light and darkness, body and soul, etc.
• Monists believe that existence is purely based upon one ultimate "category
of being." This means that either the person is made up of only the body or
only the mind.
• One type of monism is materialism, which states, "All that exists is matter,
configured into material objects." In other words, materialists believe
everything that exists is just physical. Materialists believe that existence is
only based on the body. This leads to the materialists assumption that
people do not exist with their mind, soul, or spirit.
Source: http://www.pixton.com/mx/comic/6emlvqjf
PHILOSOPHERS:
Baruch Spinoza
• Spinoza was a 17th- century Jewish-Dutch
philosopher who agreed with Monism.
• In his most famous work, Ethics, he states his
arguments about his philosophical views.
Spinoza disagrees with dualism, the opposite
view of monism, and instead considers God to
be identical with ‘nature’ and that God is the
single substance. He essentially denies that
human beings have free will, explaining this
illusion as a result of our limited understanding
of our own actions.
• Thus, Spinoza believes that everything is only
made of one thing, which is the ultimate belief
of monists.
Baruch Spinoza
Born: November 24, 1632
Died: February 21, 1677
Era: 17th Century
Nationality: Jewish-Dutch
Works Cited
• What is monism? (n.d.). Retrieved November 11, 2014, from
http://www.gotquestions.org/monism.html
• Chap2 Pt.2 Desire For Science. (2011, February 1). Retrieved
November 10, 2014, from http://www.pixton.com/mx/comic/6emlvqjf
• Baruch Spinoza. (2002, January 1). Retrieved November 9, 2014, from
http://www.philosophy-index.com/spinoza/
• Flaherty, P., Horton, M., Jopling, D., Miller, H., Tittle, P., & Yan, P.
(2003). Philosophy: Questions & Theories. Toronto: McGraw-Hill
Ryerson.