Download Roots of The Constitution

Roots of The Constitution
I.
Ancient Cultures
_________1____________ & __________2_____________
brought us …..
_________3___________- government by the people.
A. Greece
_______4_____________ - a form of government in which
laws are made directly by the citizens was first created in
_______5_____________.
Originally the city state of
Athens was ruled by a small
group of ______6________
and powerful men known as
the…
__________________________7_____________________________
However, poorer Athenian farmers and merchants
protested and all ______8_______ of Athens were
granted the right to be a part of the Great Council.
Sadly, women, slaves, and men with no property
were ___9_____ considered ________10_____.
B. Rome
Rome created the first _____11_________ - a form of government
In which people elect representatives to govern them.
Also known as
___________12__________ &
____________13__________.
In about 450 B.C.E. Romans demanded that their laws be ___14______
___________________ to prevent leaders from abusing their power.
II. English History and Documents
A. Britain was ruled by an _____________15_____________ - an
all powerful king or queen.
B. In an attempt to expand his power __________16_______________
established royal courts. The king’s judges assembled juries to hear cases.
The judges made laws, according to customs, to resolve disputes and
determine guilt. Eventually these decisions were written down and
became the ______________17__________________.
C. Many of the barons resented this for they had their own court. But
Henry II also granted them certain rights. His son, ____18________,
disregarded these rights and place new _____19______ on them.
In ___20_____ the nobles and the bishops banded together in order
to force King John to sign the _______21_________ (Great Charter)
D. Two rights granted in the Magna Carta were…
1) New ____22______ must be approved by the council.
2) A person ca not be _______23__________ without a
trial before his peers.
E. To protect their rights, the nobles also established _________24______.
Eventually this became ______25___________, a legislative body.
F. Eventually Parliament’s power grew, so that Britain became a
____________26_______________ - a government whose monarch is
held in check by a constitution or other governing body.
G. The ____________28______________ was also created during this time
period.
It guaranteed…
1) The king can not force people to lend him ________29___________.
2) The ____30_____ can not ______31_____
someone without just cause.
3) Soldiers may not be _______32_______
in a private home without the owner’s
________33_________.
4) During times of peace _____34________
law can not be forced on civilians.
H. Habeus Corpus (Also granted during this time.
- A person can not be put in _____35________ without a
_______36________ being made against him.
I.
The English Bill of ______37________ was created in the late 1600s.
1)
Prevented excessively harsh ___38______ & ____39______.
2)
Granted the right to ________40_________ the king.
3)
Made a standing ____41_____ illegal during times of peace
unless ______42________ gives consent.
III. Philosophers
- During the 1600s and the 1700s (the _________43_____________ )
many philosophers developed ideas on governments.
A. _________44______________ in his First and Second Treaties of
Government developed the ___________45_________________
- He stated that everyone had the right to ____46________,
______47_______ and _____48__________.
- He also stated that _______49___________ existed only to
create an orderly society and only had the ___50____ to rule
with the people’s _____51_________.
B. Jean Jacques Rousseau
He expanded on Locke’s ideas in his __________52_____________
____________________________
C. Baron de Montesquieu
Developed the theory of ______________53_________________
and dividing the power of governing among the ______54_______
_________55_________ & __________56_________ branches of
government.