Download Hydrologic cycle

WFM 5103: Hydrogeology and Groundwater
Course Teacher: M Mozzammel Hoque /MashfiqusSalehin
Mark Distribution: Home Work 30%, Tests 70%
Course Outlines: Subsurface environment; Water bearing properties of
rocks and soil; Principles of groundwater movement; Recharge;
Groundwater withdrawal; Groundwater measurement and water well
design; Groundwater quality; Groundwater in coastal zones; Hydrogeological mapping; Groundwater management; Conjunctive use;
Groundwater models; Groundwater development in Bangladesh
Recommended Books: Groundwater by HM Raghunath; Groundwater
Hydrology by David K Todd
Water
• Most abundant substance on the earth
• Principal constituents of all living things
• Major forces constantly changing the surface
of the earth
• Influence the progress of human civilization
Hydrology
• Hydrology is the combination of two words;
“hydro” and “logy”
• ‘Hydro’ means ‘water’ and ‘logy’ means
‘science’, so hydrology means science of water
• Broadly hydrology treats of the water of the
earth, their occurrence,circulation, and
distribution, their chemical and physical
properties and their interaction with
environment including interaction with living
things and, in particular, human beings
Hydro-geology and Groundwater
• The term groundwater is usually reserved for the subsurface
water that occurs beneath the water table in soil and geologic
formations that are fully saturated. So, groundwater hydrology
may be defined as the science of the occurrence, distribution, and
movement of water below the surface of the earth.
• Hydrogeology differs only by its greater emphasis on geology and
geohydrology emphasizes on hydrology
• The study of groundwater is important to geologists, hydrologists,
soil scientists, agricultural and civil engineers, foresters,
geographers, ecologists, geo-technical and mining engineers,
sanitary engineers, petroleum reservoirs analysts, and probably
others
Groundwater as a resource
• Goundwater is an important source of water
supply throughout the world
• Its use in irrigation, industries, municipalities and
rural homes continues to increase
• In Bangladesh groundwater is used for
municipal water supply, agricultural water supply,
industrial water supply and for recreation
Groundwater in the hydrologic cycle
• Groundwater constitutes on portion of the earth’s water
circulatory system known as the Hydrologic cycle
• Water bearing formations of the earth’s crust act as
conduits for transmission and as reservoir for
storage of water
• Water enters these formations from the ground surface
or from water bodies of surface water and travels slowly
for varying distances
• The storage capacity of groundwater reservoirs
combined with small flow rates provide distributed
sources of water supply
Hydrologic cycle
• The endless circulation of water between ocean, atmosphere,
and land surface
• Visualized as beginning with the evaporation from the oceans
• Water transfer cycle which occurs continuously in nature
• Hydrologic cycle is continuous process by which water is
transported from the oceans to the atmosphere to the land and
back to the sea. The driving force is the sun
• Water quality changes during the passage through the cycle
• The concept of the hydrologic cycle is useful point from which to
begin the study of hydrology
• Four important phases of hydrologic cycle: (a) evaporation and
evapotranspiration, (b) precipitation , © runoff and
inflitration,and (d) groundwater flow
Hydrologic Cycle
Hydrologic Cycle
Hydrologic cycle
Groundwater as a part of hydrologic cycle