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TEJ2O - Unit 2 Assignment
Internet 101
The development of the Internet
1. Who developed the first internet and when? What was it called?

Bolt, Beranek and Newman created the first computer network during the age of Cold
War as part of the ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency).
2. What’s the difference between the World Wide Web and the Internet?

The internet is the network of computers connected together, where as the World
Wide Web is the interface in which is used to navigate this large network.
3. Who developed the protocol for the World Wide Web and when?

Tim Berners-Lee developed the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) for the World
Wide Web in 1990.
4. What happened as a result of the creation of the World Wide Web?

Many educational institutions started using the World Wide Web to share information
with others. Not long after did businesses started using the internet for advertising.
After that, the internet became a place for everyday consumer usage.
Some Internet Statistics
1. Which continent has the most Internet users, how many?

Asia has the most Internet users at an approximate of 1077672232 users.
2. Which 3 continents have the highest percentage of Internet users, how much?

Asia, Europe, and North America have the highest percentage of 77.7% internet
users, and a total of 1869087778 users.
3. Which 3 continents have the lowest percentage of Internet users, how much?

Africa, Middle East, and Oceania/Australia have the lowest percentage of 11.7%
internet users, and a total of 281445649 users.
4. Which 3 continents have the fastest growing Internet usage between 2000-2009?

Africa, Middle East, and Latin America/Caribbean.
5. Why do you think they are growing so much?
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TEJ2O - Unit 2 Assignment

As modern technology continues to advance, internet in places where it was not
possible, becomes possible. Many small businesses use this technology to thrive and
make themselves more known to the world.
The Structure of the Internet
1. How do home and business users usually connect to the Internet?

Home users typically connect to the internet through cable services, internet
distributed from corporations. Business users connect to the internet through secure
LAN, or WAN networks in which are then connected to the internet.
2. What’s a POP refer to, include a brief description?

Point of Presence is a place for local users to access the company’s network, mostly
through a dedicated line.
3. What’s a NAP refer to, include a brief description?

Network Access Point is a public network exchange facility where internet service
providers (ISPs) connect with one another in peering arrangements.
4. What’s the purpose of a router?

A router determines where to send information, from one computer to another.
5. What’s an Internet Backbone?

Backbones are typically fibre optic trunk lines, multiples of lines combined together
to increase capacity.
6. What’s the id number for every node on the internet called? And give an example of one.

The ID Number for every node on the internet is called an IP address. An example of
an IP address would be: 192.168.0.1 (local gateway).
7. So what’s DNS and why was it created? Give an example of a domain name.

DNS is Domain Name System, in which maps names to IP addresses, automatically.
An example of a DNS would be: www.gergle.com
8. So what’s a URL, and what 2 parts does every URL contain?

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A URL is the name of a file on the World Wide Web. It will always have a Protocol
Identifier (http), and a resource name (gergle.com).
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TEJ2O - Unit 2 Assignment
9. What are protocol ports? Give an example of a port # and protocol that would always be
available on a web server.

Protocol ports are numbered ports in which make a server machine’s services
available publicly. An example of a port number would be 80 (web server). The File
transfer protocol will always be available on a web server.
The main content of the Internet – Web Pages
1. List the 4 things that make web pages work, and describe each one in a single sentence
summary.
 Web Page:
o A Web page is a simple text file that contains text and a set of HTML tags that
describe how the text should be formatted and look when a browser displays it
on the screen. The tags tell the browser to do things like change the font size
or color.
 HTML:
o HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. A "markup language" is a
computer language that describes how a page should be formatted. If you
want to change fonts, add colors, create headlines and embed graphics in your
page, HTML is the language you use to do it.
 Web Browser:
o A Web browser (e.g. Firefox) is a computer program that does two things; Go
to a Web server on the Internet and request a page, so that the browser can
pull the page through the network and into your machine. A Web browser
knows how to interpret the set of HTML tags within the page in order to
display the page on your screen as the page's creator intended it to be viewed.
 Web Server:
o A Web server is a computer software that can respond to a browser's request
for a page, and deliver the page to the Web browser through the Internet
(apartment complex, with each apartment housing someone's Web page).
Every day, there are millions of Web servers delivering pages to the browsers
of tens of millions of people through the network we call the Internet.
2. Give two examples of HTML Tags and what they do.
 Bold, Italics, and Underline
o Make any piece of text bold, italic, or underlined.
 <b>BOLDTEXTHERE</b>
 <i>ITALICIZETEXTHERE</i>
 <u>UNDERLINETEXTHERE</u>
 Anchor
o Links to another site.
 <a href="LINKEDWEBSITEHERE">
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