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NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide Course Name: Geometry Grade: 6 - 12 Course Description Geometry is designed for students who have successfully completed the standards for Algebra I. All students are expected to achieve the Geometry standards. The course includes, but is not limited to, properties of geometric figures, trigonometric relationships, and reasoning to justify conclusions. Methods of justification will include paragraph proofs, two-column proofs, indirect proofs, coordinate proofs, algebraic methods, and verbal arguments. A gradual development of formal proof will be encouraged. Inductive and intuitive approaches to proof as well as deductive axiomatic methods should be used. The geometry standards include emphasis on two- and three-dimensional reasoning skills, coordinate and transformational geometry, and the use of geometric models to solve problems. A variety of applications and some general problem-solving techniques, including algebraic skills, should be used to implement these standards. Calculators, computers, graphing utilities (graphing calculators or computer graphing simulators), dynamic geometry software, and other appropriate technology tools will be used to assist in teaching and learning. Any technology that will enhance student learning should be used. Revised on: NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Revised on: NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – 1st Marking Period (45 days) Topics (Big Ideas) Estimated Time Enduring Understandings Essential Questions Standards 2001 2009 Unit 1 Chapter 1: Tools of Geometry Defined and Undefined Terms Measuring Segments and Angles Identifying and Using Angle Pairs Basic Constructions Distance and Midpoint *Perimeter, Area, and Circumference moved to Unit 10 Unit 2 Chapter 2: Reasoning and Proof Patterns and Inductive Reasoning Conditional and Biconditional Statements Converses, inverses, and contrapositives Deductive Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry Proving Angles Congruent Unit 3 Chapter 3: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines Relationships between Lines and Angles Properties, Constructions, and Proofs of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines Triangle Angle Theorems Equations and slopes of Lines in the Coordinate Plane Block 6 Daily 12 Geometry is a mathematical system built on basic terms, definitions, postulates, theorems, and formulas. How do we identify various figures and express the relationships presented in postulates? G.1, G.2a G.3 G.4 G.10 G.11 G.3a G.4a G.4b G.4e G.4f 7 14 How is inductive reasoning used to make conjectures? How is deductive reasoning used to solve problems and make predictions? G.1 G.3 G.10 G.1a G.1b G.1d 8 16 Inductive reasoning is used to make conjectures that will promote an intuitive understanding of geometric principles, while deductive reasoning is used to develop proofs as a tool for building a system of geometry based upon definitions, postulates, and theorems. Lines can be identified as parallel or perpendicular using special angle pairs, slopes, or the equations of the lines. How do we identify and graph the equations of lines? How do we prove lines to be parallel or perpendicular? G.1 G.2a G.3 G.4 G.9 G.11 G.1d G.2a G.2b G.2c G.3a G.3b G.4c G.4d G.4g Review/Quarterly Assessment 1.5 3 TOTAL 22.5 45 Revised on: NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – 2nd Marking Period (45 days) Estimated Time Topics (Big Ideas) Enduring Understandings Essential Questions Standards 2001 2009 Unit 4 Chapter 4: Congruent Triangles Congruent figures Triangle congruence Using congruent triangles Isosceles and equilateral triangles Right triangle congruence Congruence in overlapping triangles Block 5.5 Daily 11 Postulates and theorems are used to promote an understanding of ways to prove triangles congruent. Congruent triangles can then be used to draw conclusions about triangles, discover properties of isosceles triangles, and prove other triangles congruent. How do we identify congruent figures? How do we prove figures to be congruent? How can congruent triangles be used to prove that parts of triangles are congruent? How does congruence help in determining the properties of isosceles triangles? How can congruent triangles help in proving two other triangles congruent? G1 G5 G7 G.4a G.6 Unit 5 Chapter 5: Relationships Within Triangles Midsegments of triangles Indirect reasoning Inequalities in triangles 4.5 9 Logical reasoning can be used to hypothesize about geometric relationships within triangles, to deduce information about inequalities in triangles, and to support indirect proof. How can midsegments be used for indirect measurements? How can inequalities in triangles be used to find possible side and angle measures of the triangles? G.1 G2.a G.3 G5 G6 G.1d G.5a G.5b G.5c G.5d Unit 6 Chapter 6: Polygons and Quadrilaterals Polygon Angle Sum theorem Properties of parallelograms and other quadrilaterals Proving that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram Figures in the coordinate plane Unit 7 Chapter 7: Similarity Ratios and proportions Similar polygons Proving triangles similar Similarity in right triangles Proportions in triangles 6.5 13 Basic properties of the sides, angles, and diagonals of quadrilaterals allow them to be classified as special quadrilaterals such as parallelograms, rhombuses, rectangles, squares, trapezoids, and kites. How does angle measure of a polygon relate to its number of sides? How do the properties of quadrilaterals relate to each other and allow us to classify them? How can we use these properties to place figures in the coordinate plane? G1 G2a G8 G.2b G.9 G.10 4.5 9 Proportions and algebraic ratios are used to prove polygons similar, find missing side lengths of similar figures, and compare perimeter and area of similar figures. To what extent can two similar figures be congruent? How can we prove two triangles are similar using a two column proof? How do perimeter, area, and volume of similar figures relate to one another? G.2a G.7 G.8c G.7 G.14d Review/Quarterly Assessment 2 4 TOTAL 23 46 Revised on: NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – 3rd Marking Period (43 days) Topics (Big Ideas) Estimated Time Enduring Understandings Essential Questions Standards 2001 2009 Unit 8 Chapter 8: Right Triangles and Trigonometry Pythagorean Theorem Special right triangles Trigonometry Angles of elevation and of depression Unit 12 Chapter 12: Circles Tangent lines Chords and arcs Inscribed angles Angle measures and segment lengths Circles in the coordinate plane Unit 9 Chapter 9: Transformations Translations, reflections, rotations, and dilations Point and line symmetry Block 6.5 Daily 13 The Pythagorean Theorem, ratios of 30-60-90 and 45-45-90 triangles, trigonometric ratios are used to solve problems involving right triangles How can the Pythagorean Theorem be derived? How can the ratios be used to solve for unknown lengths of sides of triangles? How can the ratios be used to solve for unknown angles? How do similar right triangles relate to trigonometric ratios? G.3 G.6 G.7 G.14b G.8 7.5 15 Properties of lines, line segments, and angles, relative to circles, illustrate relationships to intercepted arcs, intersecting chords, tangents, and secants. How can line segments form angles both inside and outside of circles? How can intercepted arcs be used to show a relationship among angles, line segments, and lines? G.10 G.14b G.11a G.11b G.12 Block 3.5 Daily 7 Isometric transformations describe a change in the position of a figure while the non-isometric transformation, dilation, describes a change in the size of a figure. How is translation different from rotation? How is a figure changed when two or more transformations are applied? How are isometric transformations different from dilations? G.2 G.3c G.3d G.10 Review/Quarterly Assessment 2.5 5 TOTAL 20 40 Revised on: NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – 4th Marking Period (48 days) Topics (Big Ideas) Estimated Time Enduring Understandings Unit 10 Chapter 10: Area Areas of triangles and quadrilaterals Areas of regular polygons Perimeters and areas of similar figures Circles and arcs Areas of circles and sectors 6.5 13 Formulas are used to find the area of triangles, quadrilaterals, regular polygons, circles, and sectors. Formulas are also used to find the circumference and arc length of circles. Unit 11 Chapter 11: Surface Area and Volume Space figures and nets Surface areas of cylinders, prisms, pyramids, cones, and spheres Volumes of prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres Areas and volumes of similar solids TOTAL 6.5 13 Nets and space figures are used to help in understanding three dimensional figures and in finding surface area and volume of these solids. 13 26 Essential Questions How can finding the area of a rectangle help in finding the area of a parallelogram or triangle? How can the width and length as opposed to the base and height affect the area of some polygons? How does the measure of an arc length relate to the circumference of the circle? How does the area of a shaded region correspond to the area of a circle? How can a two dimensional figure be folded into a three dimensional solid? To what extent does the area of a two dimensional figure relate to the surface area and volume of a three dimensional figure? How can ratios be applied to similar solids to determine surface area and volume? Standards 2001 2009 G.2a G.7 G.8c G.10 G.11b G.11c G.14a G.14c G.14d G.12 G.13 G.14 G.13 G.14b Remaining days to review for SOL Revised on: