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The Importance of Mitosis
The need to heal!
The need to grow!
How do cells have the information
to reproduce?
DNA
 Made of
nucleotides

Phosphate
 sugar
 Nitrogen base





Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
thymine
DNA in detail


Uncoiled DNA called chromatin looks like spaghetti - between
cell divisions
Coiled DNA in the form of an (x) shape is called a chromosome
– occurs during cell division
Chromosomes
Chromosomeconsists of two
identical halves
connected together
by a centromere
 Chromatid- a half of
one chromosome.


The chromosomes of a homologous pair
 Carry
genes for the same characteristics at the
same place, or locus
Chromosomes
Centromere
Sister chromatids
How many chromosomes do we
have??
Each human diploid
cell is 2N and
contains 46 total
 23 identical pairs
( 23 x 2 = 46 )
“homologous
chromosomes”

carry the same traits
Cell Cycle
G1 = cell grows
 S = DNA replication
 G2= Prepare to divide


M= Mitosis
INTERPHASE
How we make more identical cells.
mitosis
Stages of Mitosis
Interphase
 Prophase
 Metaphase
 Anaphase
 Telophase
(IPMAT)

Stages of mitosis id: slide #1

Interphase
DNA,
uncoiled
Stages of mitosis id: slide #2

Prophase
DNA, Coils
and nuclear
membrane
disappears.
Stages of mitosis id: slide #3

Metaphase
DNA lines up in the
MIDDLE
DNA is coiled in
chromosomes
Stages of mitosis id: slide #4

Anaphase
DNA Separates
It is pulled
APART to
opposite sides
of the cell
Stages of mitosis id: slide #5

Telophase
DNA
separated
and new
membrane
is forming
Cytokinesis
2 Identical
cells formed
(clones)
Plant Interphase
Cell prepares for
division by:
•replicating DNA
and organelles
•increasing cell
size
Plant Interphase
Plant Prophase
Cell prepares for
nuclear division by:
•condensing DNA
into movable
packages called
chromosomes
Plant Prophase
Plant Metaphase
Plant Metaphase
Cell prepares
chromosomes for
division by:
•aligning
chromosomes at cell
equator
•attaching spindle
fibers from each new
daughter cell pole to
each chromosome at
the centromere
Plant Anaphase
Chromosomes divide:
•spindle fibers pull
chromosomes apart
•one-half of each
chromosome
(chromatid) moves to
a new daughter cell
Plant Anaphase
Plant Telophase
Cytoplasm divides:
•DNA decondenses
and two nuclei form
•new cell wall (cell
plate) appears
between the two
nuclei to form two
new daughter cells
Plant Telophase
Plant Interphase
Cell prepares for division
by:
•replicating DNA and
organelles
•increasing cell size
Plant
Interphase
Plant Mitosis
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Interphase
Normal cell cycle (Mitosis)

Happens everywhere in your body when
you need a new cell.
Red blood cells are reproduced fast
Heart brain and muscle
cells are reproduced more
slowly
Abnormal cell cycle

Cancer= cell cycle is to fast
Chemo stops or slows
down the cell cycle