Download Endocrine System

Endocrine System
Endocrine System
• Endocrine glands are composed
of cells that secrete:
– Hormones
• amino acid derivatives
• peptides and proteins
• steroids
• Hormones act by attaching to
receptors of specific target cells
• Function of endocrine system:
– homeostasis
– growth and development
Endocrine Glands
• Hypothalamus
– oxytocin production
– ADH production
– production and secretion of
regulatory hormones for
anterior pituitary
• Pituitary (hypophysis)
– posterior pituitary
• oxytocin secretion
• ADH secretion
• Pituitary (hypophysis)
– anterior pituitary
• Tropic hormones
– TSH
– ACTH
– Gonadotropins: FSH, LH
• Prolactin
• Growth hormone
– all anterior pituitary
hormones are regulated by
hypothalamic hormones
– regulation dependent upon
hypophyseal portal system
• Thyroid Gland
• Thyroid Gland
– T4 and T3: released by thyroid
follicles
– calcitonin: released by C cells
• Parathyroid glands
• Parathyroid glands
• Parathyroid glands
– PTH
• Adrenal Gland
• Adrenal Gland
– Adrenal cortex
• mineralocorticoids
• glucocorticoids
• adrenal androgens
– Adrenal medulla
• E and NE
• Endocrine pancreas
– Islets of Langerhans
• glucagon: from alpha cells
• insulin: from beta cells
• somatostatin: from delta
cells
• Pineal gland
– melatonin
• Heart
– ANP
• Kidney
– renin
– EPO
• Thymus Gland
– thymosin
• Reproductive System
– Testes
• testosterone
• inhibin
– Ovaries
• estrogens
• progesterone
Endocrine Disorders
• Acromegaly
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Acromegaly
• Gigantism
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Acromegaly
• Gigantism
• Pituitary
Dwarfism
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Goiter
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Goiter
Endocrine Disorders
• Grave’s disease
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Cretinism
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Cushing’s disease
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Cushing’s disease
• Addisons disease
Endocrine Disorders, continued
• Type I diabetes
• Type II diabetes