Download Slajd 1 - Far East Culture Inspiration for Europeans

DOING SHOPPING
Did you know that…
• Poles import from China:
• 38% TV sets
• 37% compact equipment
• 38% mobile phones
• 80% clothes
• Chinese products swamp the world.
Typical Chinese Souvenir Shop
It was a symbol of wealth and high social status for Romans to
wear silk clothes.
Nowadays, silk, in some sense, is still some kind of luxury.
KINDS OF SILK
• It is well known that silk is discovered in China in 30th
century BC as one of the best materials for clothing - it has a
look and feeling of richness that no other materials can
match.
• Chinese silk is famous in the world for its magnificent quality,
colour and variety. Representative samples are brocade from
Hangzhou, Sichuan brocade from Chengdu, the fine, tough
silk and pure silk crepe from Suzhou and tussah silk from
Dandong.
SILKWORM BREEDING
• The business of raising silkworms and unwinding cocoons is now
known as silk culture or sericulture. It takes an average of 25-28
days for a silkworm, which is no bigger than an ant, to grow old
enough to spin cocoon. Then the women farmers will pick them up
one by one to piles of straws, then the silkworm will attach itself to
the straw, with its legs to the outside and begin to spin.
• The next step is unwinding the cocoons; it is done by reeling girls.
The cocoons are heated to kill the pupa, this must be done at the
right time, otherwise, the pupas are bound to turn into moths, and
moths will make a hole in the cocoons, which will be useless for
reeling. To unwind the cocoons, first put them in a basin filled with
hot water, find the loose end of the cocoon, and then twist them,
carry then to a small wheel, thus the cocoons will be unwound. At
last, two workers measure them into a certain length, twist them,
they are called raw silk, then they are dyed and woven into cloth.
• An interesting fact is that we can unwind about 1,000 meters long
silk. from one cocoon, while 111 cocoons are needed for a man's tie
and 630 cocoons are needed for a woman's blouse
COCOONERY
Mulberry
tree
Silk quilts
CHINESE CERAMICS
Polychrome-glazed potterydominant colours: green,
yellow and white
Pottery vs Porcelain
Pottery - ordinary clay
with iron content higher
than 3%, burned at
temp.
below 1000 degrees
Celsius with no glaze.
Porcelain – porcelain
Stone and clay with iron
content lower than 3%,
Temp.above 1200
deg.Cel.
With high temperature
glaze over 1200 degrees
Centigrade.
Bronze and clay pottery
CHINESE PORCELAIN
• Porcelain is generally believed to have
originated in China. Although protoporcelain wares exist dating from the Shang
Dynasty, by the Eastern Han Dynasty (100200 CE) high firing glazed ceramic wares had
developed into porcelain, and porcelain
manufactured during the Tang Dynasty
period (618–906) was exported to the Islamic
world where it was highly prized.[2] Early
porcelain of this type includes the tri-color
glazed porcelain, or sancai wares. Historian
S.A.M. Adshead writes that true porcelain
items in the restrictive sense that we know
them today could be found in dynasties after
the Tang,[3] during the Song Dynasty, Yuan
Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, and Qing Dynasty.
• By the Sui and Tang dynasties, porcelain had
become widely produced. Eventually,
porcelain and the expertise required to
create it began to spread into other areas; by
the seventeenth century, it was being
exported to Europe.
PORCELAIN FACTORY
CHINESE PORCELAIN
PRODUCTS
CHINESE CLOISONNE
• Cloisonne, named as enamelware, have originated in Beijing
of Yuan dynasty and prevailed during the period of Ming
dynasty (1450 – 1456). It’s typically called „Blue of Jingtai” as
blue was the dominant colour used for enameling.
• Cloisonne ware was used only for the royal family as it was the
symbol of authority and status.
Cloisonne is the everlasting art.
And loved by the people of the world
with under and over-glaze painting
Painted Crystal Ball
TIGER SHOES
LACQUER WARE
• Asian lacquer ware is well known to art collectors worldwide, and is
the result of some of the finest craftsmanship techniques in the
world. Lacquer ware is created by applying lacquer to wooden
objects to give it a fine finish and luster. Although the craft was
developed in both China and Japan, Japanese craftsmen are
generally credited with taking Chinese lacquer techniques and
maturing them to create the highly regarded art form that lacquer
ware creation has become today.
PEARL
• Most of the pearls you'll find in
China are freshwater pearls,
cultivated in mollusks in lakes and
rivers. Their shape can be elongated
and their appearance milky
translucent. Freshwater pearls are
certainly the real value when buying
pearls in China, but sea water and
South Sea pearls are also good values.
In addition to pearls, there's
seemingly no end to the semiprecious stones you can add to
designs, such as jade and turquoise, as
well as inexpensive crystal and plastic
beads.
Pearl Breeding Institute
Jade is used to make ritual implements, ceremonial and
decorative objects, wearing ornaments, burial objects
as well as daily utensils.
ANCIENT CHINESE JADE
• A Symbol of Wealth and Power – jade wares were owned by
the upper class in ancient China.
• An Envoy of Religious Deities – jade could be a link between
human beings and gods, so had a special function to get rid of
evils – was worn as an amulet.
• A Mark of Morality –Chinese related the natural qualities of
jade with human morality as Confucius claimed that jade had
the qualities of wisdom, justice, courtesy, loyalty, happiness,
trustworthiness and benevolence.
• China, a country with an abundant deposit of jade, is well
known for its special art of jade carving. The tradition started
early in the Neolithic period and the carving techniques were
very unique and advanced.
SILK WEAVING PLANT
Silk fabric can be
woven by machine or
embroidered
by
hand.
There are about five
Schools
of
embroidering
art.
There are 2 types of
embroidery: cross (in
Suzhou) and knot (in
Chengdu).
It takes 1 -3 months
to make a picture, a
weaving
machine
makes 1.5 cm a day.
Natural products have been used for
medicinal purposes since ancient
times. These include materials from
plant, animal, and mineral sources,
with the majority derived from
plants.
Nearly 5,000 species of plants are
used for medicine in China today, a
fact that is of high interest to western
medical
researchers
and
pharmaceutical companies. Two
examples: Chinese do research on
activity against HIV and malaria.
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
TEA SHOPS
• China is the home of tea. Tea is divided into green, black,
perfumed, white and Wulong tea. Longjing (green tea) and
Biluochun (green tea), are famous throughout the world.
OTHER EQUIPMENT
USEFUL TIPS
Before you leave for Chinese shopping spree, keep in mind the
following pieces of advice:
• Bargaining is advisable
• Be careful of fake products
• Beware of viruses when buying piratical (illegal)software
GOOD LUCK!
IT’S WORTH ITS PRICE
Useful phrases:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
magnificent quality- wspaniała jakość
samples- próbki
silkworm breeding- hodowla jedwabnika
a pile of straw- stos słomy
to spin- prząść
unwinding the cocoons- rozwijanie kokonów
a pupa- poczwarka
a moth- mol
raw silk- surowy jedwab
a mulberry tree- morwowe drzewo
a tableware- zastawa stołowa
laquer ware- wyroby z laki
a luster- połysk, blask
a freshwater pearl- perła słodkowodna
mollusks- mięczaki
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
translucent- półprzeźroczysty
semi-precious stones- półszlachetne kamienie
Jade- nefryt
an envoy- wysłannik
a deity- bóstwo
a wisdom- mądrość
a benevolence- laskawość, dobrodziejstwo
abundant- liczny
a carving- rzeźba
throughout the world- wszędzie na świecie
to swamp the world- zalewać świat
elongated- wydłużony
craftsmanship- kunsztowny
Authors:
Joanna Madura
Danuta Mirońska
Source:
Personal photos& Impressions;
Internet; Pascal guide-book
European Club
I Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
Mielec, Poland