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A Case of Impacted Maxillary Right First and Second Permanent Molars in a 14-year-old Girl Shoji HARADA1), Mari FUJITA2), Okahito HONDA3) and Manabu MORITA4) 1) Harada Dental Clinic 2) Department of Oral Biology, Division of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido 3) Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine 4) Department of Oral Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Abstract: We encountered a case of impacted maxillary molars in a 14-year-old girl. The mandibular right second permanent molar was over-erupted. It was a very rare and complicated case requiring prolonged and costly orthodontic treatment. School children undergo a dental examination every year at school. A school dentist should have previously suspected a delay in the eruption of the maxillary first molar when the present patient was 8 years old during school dental examination. However, the patient visited a dental clinic at the age of 14, indicating that post-examination care was not given. School dental examination had been conducted for a total period of 5 years without any post-examination care. If the patient had been referred to a family dentist or an orthodontist promptly, less complicated treatment would have been possible. This was a typical case that showed the importance of post-examination care after conducting a school dental examination. It is the social responsibility of dentists to not only treat patients at dental clinics but also contribute to the promotion of school children s health through schoolbased examinations. School dentists should therefore be strongly requested to conduct oral examinations carefully based on a sense of duty. J Dent Hlth 59: 141―147, 2009 Key words: School dental examination, School dentist, Post-examination care, Impacted teeth, Permanent molars