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Common Group Name: Fishes Phylum: Chordata Examples: • Jawless Fishes •Sharks and Relatives (Cartilage Fishes) •Bony Fishes Body Plan Vertebrate Bilateral Symmetry Paired fins Scales Gills Jaws Feeding • All types of feeding in fishes: H, C, D, FF, P • Path of Digestion: Mouth- esophagus- stomachpyloric ceca (enzymes for digestion)intestine- anus Respiration Most fishes exchange gases using gills. Water is pulled in through mouth- water pumped over gill filaments- oxygen rich water is taken in- oxygen poor water pumped out of slits. Circulation • Closed Circulatory System • Heart pumped blood around in a single loop • Path of blood: heart- gills- rest of the body- heart • 4-part heart: sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, bulbus (conus)arteriousus. *Only 2chambers Excretion • Some waste removed through gills. • Other waste is removed by kidneys. • Kidneys also help control the amount of water in the body. Response • Multi-part brain: 1) Olfactory Bulbs- receive smell 2) Cerebrum- processes smell 3) Optic Lobes- process info. from eyes 4) Cerebellum- coordinates body movements 5) Medulla Oblongata- functions of internal organs • Highly developed sense organs for sight, taste, smell, sound, and touch. Movement • Move by alternating contractions between paired muscles. • Fins aid in propelling and direction • Swim bladder is a gas-filled organ that adjusts buoyancy. Internal Reproduction or external depending on species. Oviparous- fish whose eggs develop externally. (Salmon) Ovoviviparous- fish whose eggs develop internally with nourishment from the egg. (Guppies) Viviparous- Fish whose eggs develop internally with nourishment from the mother’s body. (Sharks) Other Information • Evolution of fishes: Earliest fishes: jawless, bony plate armor Next Fishes: Jawless, little body armor, ancestors of lampreys and hagfishes Next Fishes: Jaws and paired fins arrived Modern Fishes: Two main groups that gave rise to cartilage fish and bony fish