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INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS Canary Islands, SPAIN “Hardware Developments for Fast Control Systems” OPTICON planning meeting UKATC, Edinburgh Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Started on mid-80s Configurable logic blocks 65 nm, 550 MHz Interface to many standards Hundreds of I/O Recently grown to big sizes Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division FPGA main features Parallelism Speed Low cost Flexibility Tiny size, low power consumption, low weight Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division FPGA vs µPs, DSPs, GPUs FPGAs helped conventional processors doing interfacing, glue logic,... FPGAs have grown to a level capable of accepting a microprocessor inside... Traditional approach is to manufacture big quantities of a general purpose microelectronics hardware, and write a (specific) program to solve the specific task Using FPGAs, we can get rid of any program and produce the hardware adequate for each task. Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division FPGA: Transversal key technology Adaptive optics Detector controllers Phasing control for segmented mirrors High time resolution astronomy Lossless data compression On-line data reduction … Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division IAC Example In-house technology development project Examine FPGA technology and evaluate its potential for AO Develop know-how to be used in future AO projects for astronomy and other fields L.F. Rodríguez Ramos et al. “FPGA adaptive optics system test bench”. Proc. SPIE 5903, 120128, 2005 J.G. Marichal-Hernández, L.F. Rodríguez-Ramos et al. “Atmospheric wavefront phase recovery using specialized hardware: GPUs and FPGAs”. Applied Optics 2005 Dec 10;44(35):7587-94 L.F. Rodríguez Ramos et al. “Testing FPGAs for real-time control of adaptive optics in giant telescopes ”. Proc. SPIE 6272, 2006 Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Project team People Luis F. Rodriguez Ramos PI & PM Teodora Viera Control Algorithm José V. Gigante Camera I/F, displays and centroid computation Fernando Gago Frame grabbing Guillermo Herrera DACs I/F Angel Alonso Optics Nicolas Descharmes Optics Budget 4000 man-hours (~2 man-yr) 25 K€ ($30 K) Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Experimental setup TS L1 MO ATM LS D2 L3 LA L4 D1 BS2 50/50 BS1 SHC 50/50 D3 NDF L2 MMDM SC Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Electronic system setup PC monitor USB camera OAconFPGA electronic control system USB Frame grabber VGA monitor JTAG PC computer RS232 VGA display module DALSA CA-D6 Image rearrangement IF Centroids computation Difference Errors New ref Matrix computation 37 ch AMP Gain DM 39 ch D/A I on/off Zero Reference PI filters Cuadratic response compensation VIRTEX-4 Tip-tilt mirror Tip-tilt driver Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Electronic system setup PC monitor USB camera OAconFPGA electronic control system USB Frame grabber VGA monitor JTAG PC computer RS232 VGA display module DALSA CA-D6 Image rearrangement IF Centroids computation Difference Errors New ref Matrix computation 37 ch AMP Gain DM 39 ch D/A I on/off Zero Reference PI filters Cuadratic response compensation VIRTEX-4 Tip-tilt mirror Tip-tilt driver Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division FPGA occupancy example Image recomposing Centroid calculation Matrix computation Linearization PI control 1% 35% 3% 6% 2% Display Housekeeping 14% 9% TOTAL 70% Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Results I Frame clock centroids correction frames, centroids and actuation Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Last two rows and actuation Technology Division Results II Switching voltage pattern added to the first ring of actuators (7) 64 errors in X Servo OFF Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias 39 actuators Servo ON Technology Division Joint development proposed Astronomy related building blocks Practical System prototype Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Building blocks development Never start from scratch: Lots of commercially available IP Cores plus... Astronomy related building blocks, to be developed in a joint effort and made available to the community. Previous work needed in Block identifying, Common development methodology, Agreeing interfaces Synthesis software evaluation … Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Building block examples FFT (2D and multi-D) Centroid computation Image correlation Gaussian fitting Sparse Matrix Floating point arithmetic Camera interface Inter-boards and intra-board communication Detector pre-processing (Flat, slope, cosmetics…) Lossless data compression Intersystem Synchronization ... Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division ELT AO Prototype Massively parallel FPGA-only system capable of implementing all the aspects of the adaptive optics of a giant telescope, including multi-guide star atmospheric tomography ELT simulation optical bench Hardware Processing engine (subcontract) AO Algorithm reformulation AO Prototype simulation AO Prototype laboratory tests Telescope tests at OGS(1m) + WHT(4,2) + GTC(10m) Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Work breakdown and schedule Tentative work breakdown and schedule: Name Methodology agreements, building blocks identification, interface definitions Building blocks development Adaptation of selected algorithms to FPGA, simulation Design and development of the hardware processing engine Prototype system implementation Test facility design and development Laboratory tests Interface development with existing WHT (4.2m) telescope AO system Telescope tests at WHT Interface development with GTC (10m) telescope AO system Telescope tests at GTC Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Due date T0 + 1y T0 + 2y T0 + 2y T0 + 3y T0 + 2y T0 + 3.5y T0 + 4y T0 + 5y T0 + 5.5 y T0 + 6y Technology Division Cost idea Coordination: Man-power: Subcontracts: 20.000 €/y 200.000 €/y 50.000 € TOTAL approx: 1.2 M€ Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division Thank you Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Technology Division
