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Who is a citizen? How do we determine who is a citizen of the United States? The Florida Law Related Education Association, Inc. © 2011 The Fourteenth Amendment All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside… Naturalized is the legal Jurisdiction process oflegal becoming a means citizen. authority. FLREA Copyright 2011 In your group: How would you define the word “citizen” based on the 14th Amendment? “All persons born or naturalized in the United States…are citizens of the United States and the state wherein they reside.” Did you know… The word “Citizen” is used 13 times in the Constitution before it was ever defined. FLREA Copyright 2011 Also in the Constitution… No person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States…shall be eligible to the Office of President. Article II, Section 1 Who would count as a “natural born citizen”? FLREA Copyright 2011 Natural Born Citizenship is based on two “laws”: 1. Place of birth, or “Law of the Soil” 1. 2. Children born in the United States or Territories/Possessions Parents, or “Law of the Blood” 1. Children born to a parent or parents who are United States citizens. S FLREA Copyright 2011 B “Law of the Soil” Any child born in the United States is a citizen of the United States, even if the child’s parents are not citizens. Soil of the US includes Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. FLREA Copyright 2011 “Law of the Blood” Principle in which citizenship is determined by parentage rather than by place of birth. US recognizes as citizens children born abroad to American citizens. FLREA Copyright 2011 To Sum It Up… Law of the Soil – WHERE you are born (must be within the United States or territory/possession) Law of the Blood – WHO you are born to S FLREA Copyright 2011 B Natural Born Citizens… Are born with all of the rights held by U.S. Citizens given by the U.S. Constitution Are eligible to become a Senator, Representative, or President . FLREA Copyright 2011 Who is a “Natural Born Citizen”? Any person born in the United States. S Where the person is born. FLREA Copyright 2011 Who is a “Natural Born Citizen”? Any one born outside of the United States, both of whose parents are citizens of the United States, as long as one parent has lived in the U.S. B To whom someone is born. FLREA Copyright 2011 Who is a “Natural Born Citizen”? Anyone born outside of the United States, if one parent is a citizen and lived in the U.S. for at least one year and the other parent is a U.S. National B To whom someone is born. A U.S. National is a person who is considered under legal protection of the U.S., but they are not U.S. citizens. The must go through the naturalization process to become a citizen. FLREA Copyright 2011 Who is a “Natural Born Citizen”? A person born in U.S. possession if one parent is a U.S. citizen and lived in the U.S. for at least a year. S Where the person is born. B To whom someone is born. FLREA Copyright 2011 Who is a “Natural Born Citizen”? A person of unknown parentage found in the United States while under the age of five years, until shown, prior to his attaining the age of twenty-one years, not to have been born in the United States S Where the person is born. FLREA Copyright 2011 Who is a “Natural Born Citizen”? Any one born outside the United States, if one parent is an alien and as long as the other parent is a citizen of the U.S. who lived in the U.S. for at least five years (with military and diplomatic service included in this time) B To whom someone is born. FLREA Copyright 2011 Just to review: The term “Natural Born Citizen” is based on two “laws”… 1. Place of birth, or “Law of the Soil” 1. 2. Children born in the United States or Territories Parents, or “Law of the Blood” 1. Children born to a parent or parents who are United States citizens. S FLREA Copyright 2011 B “Law of the Soil” Any child born in the United States is a citizen of the United States, even if the child’s parents are not citizens. Soil of the US includes Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. FLREA Copyright 2011 “Law of the Blood” Principle in which citizenship is determined by parentage rather than by place of birth. US recognizes as citizens children born abroad to American citizens. FLREA Copyright 2011 To Sum It Up… Law of the Soil – WHERE you are born (must be within the United States or territory/possession) Law of the Blood – WHO you are born to S FLREA Copyright 2011 B Rally Coach… Look at examples and decide whether the scenario would be “Law of the Soil” or “Law of the Blood” S FLREA Copyright 2011 B The Fourteenth Amendment All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside… Who is a “naturalized” citizen? FLREA Copyright 2011 Naturalized Citizens Naturalized citizens are non-citizens who go through legal means of becoming a citizen. In order to become a naturalized U.S. Citizen, you must go through several steps… FLREA Copyright 2011 To Become a Naturalized Citizen… 1. Apply to become a permanent resident (resident alien). 1. 2. 3. 4. You muse be a permanent resident of the United States for 5 years before applying for naturalization/citizenship Apply to become naturalized. Successfully complete a civics exam, demonstrate the ability to read, write, and speak English, and be of good moral character. You must also pay a fee to become a Naturalized citizen. Take an Oath of Allegiance to the United States. FLREA Copyright 2011 Naturalized Citizens Article II, Section 1 of the U.S. No State shall make or enforce any law gain thewhich rights shall abridge the privileges or immunities of established in the U.S. Constitution. This is citizens of the United States; nor shall any State No person except a natural born Citizen, th Amendment outlined in the rest of the 14 deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, or a Citizen of the United States…shall be ofoflaw; nor deny any the House without Naturalized citizens can runtofor eligible todue theprocess Office President… person within its jurisdiction and/or the equal protection of Representative the Senate… of the laws. Constitution Naturalized citizens …but they cannot run for President. Can’t run for President FLREA Copyright 2011 Write down this statement: Naturalized citizens should be permitted to run for President of the United States. NOW… Tell your shoulder partner if you agree or disagree with this statement. And one reason why you agree or disagree with this statement. FLREA Copyright 2011 Can you lose your citizenship? Yes. The following voluntary acts may result in loss of citizenship: Becoming naturalized in another country Swearing an oath of allegiance to another country Serving in the military of a nation at war with the U.S. By being convicted of committing treason FLREA Copyright 2011