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Impressionism
Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement that began as a loose association of
Paris-based artists whose independent exhibitions brought them to prominence in the 1870s
and 1880s. The name of the movement is derived from the title of a Claude Monet work,
Impression, Sunrise (Impression), which provoked the critic Louis Leroy to coin the term in
a satiric review published in Le Charivari.
Characteristics of Impressionist paintings include relatively small, thin yet visible brush
strokes, open composition, emphasis on the accurate depiction of light in its changing
qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, the
inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience and
unusual visual angles. The emergence of Impressionism in the visual arts was soon
followed by analogous movements in other media which became known as Impressionist
music and Impressionist literature.
Impressionism also describes art created in this style, but outside of the late 19th century
time period.
Claude Monet, Water Lilies, 1916,
Musical Impressionism is the name given to a movement in European classical music that
arose in the late 19th century and continued into the middle of the 20th century. Originating
in France, musical Impressionism is characterized by suggestion and atmosphere and
eschews the emotional excesses of the Romantic era. Impressionist composers favoured
short forms such as the nocturne, arabesque and prelude and often explored uncommon
scales such as the whole tone scale.
The term Impressionism has also been used to describe works of literature in which a few
select details suffice to convey the sensory impressions of an incident or scene.
impression - утисак
eschews - избегава
Music culture
21.март 2011.
1
Stylistic origins
Reaction to 19th century Romanticism
Cultural origins
Late 19th century in Paris, France
Typical instruments
woodwind, strings, harp, piano, small chamber ensembles
Mainstream popularity
ca. 1875 to 1925
Musical Impressionism was based in France by the French composer Claude Debussy. He
and Maurice Ravel are generally considered to be the two "great" Impressionists.
However, composers are generally not as accurately described by the term "Impressionism"
as painters in the genre are. Debussy renounced it, saying, "I am trying to do 'something
different'."
Musical impressionism is closely related to superior value of impressionist painting: placing
the colour factor to the foreground strongly influenced shaping new sound effects, by such
effects like long, atypical accords. In the range of a form of pieces music Impressionist
composers enriched the way of creating music.
In a majority of the cases the form is a one-time idea for putting in a kind of order 'the
fantasy of sound'. Glimmering sound has become the main feature of the music.
Maurice Ravel composed many other pieces that aren't identified as Impressionist.
Nonetheless, the term is widely used today to describe the music seen as a reaction to 19th
century Romanticism.
Impressionism also gained a foothold in England, where its traits were assimilated by
composers such as Ralph Vaughan Williams, Arnold Bax, and Frederick Delius. Vaughan
Williams in particular exhibited music infused with Impressionistic gestures - this was not
coincidence, as he was a student of Maurice Ravel.
Some important precursors of musical impressionism include works by Chopin, Liszt,
Mussorgsky and Grieg.
Impressionism has also influenced at least some of the music of Manuel de Falla, Paul
Dukas, Jean Sibelius....
origins - порекло
enriched - обаогаћен
gestures - покрет
glimmering - светлуцав
Music culture
21.март 2011.
2