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The Arctic National Wildlife Reserve is located in the Northeast corner of Alaska, bordering Canada To the South is Brook Range To the North is Arctic Ocean Characteristics: Little rain fall Summers are short but days are long Little Precipitation This type of ecosystem is also found near the North Pole and on mountain tops. Date Hours of light Jan,21,2012 5h 42 min Feb,21,2012 9h 10 min Mar,21,2012 12h 26 min Apr,21,2012 15h 57 min May,21,2012 19h 27 min Jun,21,2012 24h Jul,21,2012 19h 22 min Aug,21,2012 15h 47 min Sept,21,2012 12h 20 min Oct,21,2012 9h Nov,21,2012 5h 35 min Dec,21,2012 3h 41 min • The hours of daylight increases until June and start decreasing • There are 24 hours of daylight in June The little rain in the reserve can cause the climate to be dry. But the important factor of the reserve, the snow help keep the climate wet. Tundra Cold frosted area Layers of ice are formed on top of the soil Ranges from 36°F to 54°F in the summer Average of 30°F in the winter Because there are only a little precipitation the snow and wind is an important factor in the reserve. Yearly precipitation is 15-25cm The snow makes shelter for the animals Different Types of Organisms Decomposers Producers Primary Secondary Tertiary Bacteria Arctic Sedge Black Fly Least Weasel Black Fly Alpine Azalea Birds Arctic Fox Mosquitos Labrador Tea Brown Lemming Lynx Lynx Arctic Willow Musk Ox Wolverine Wolverine Cotton Grass Caribou Snowy Owl Reindeer Lichen Brown Bear Black Fly Rabbit Willow Ptarmigan In the arctic national wildlife reserve there are many types of plants and animals. Plants: Artic sedge Alpine azalea Labrador tea Arctic willow Cotton grass Animals: • Arctic fox • Least weasel • Snowshoe hare • Brown lemming • Snowy owl Grow along the This plant has edges of the tundra shallow roots. swamps and bogs. Sedges are small and stunted. Cotton grass is a cotton- looking type of grass, it grows like grass but it’s a sedge. Willows grow as small matted wood plants. This plant grows in great abundance in arctic regions. The plumage change between summers and winters. The color of their feathers stay the same throughout the year. The black flies feed on mammal blood. Mosquitoes may carry diseases. Bacteria break down dead organisms. • Not sociable • Fight each other • Live in wet tundra areas • Browse at night • Hide in thickets at daytime • Each year a female produce 4-8 babies • Hunt day and night • Live in open tundra meadows and fields • Feed on rodents • Depend on their sense of smell • Dig a lot around their den • Hunted by humans Biotic (larger land animals) • Travel in herds • Migrate between summer and winter ranges • Roam their territory • In winter they semi hibernate • Low metabolism rate • Agile and surefooted like goats • Horns are to defend and ward off predators • They wade into water to escape predators • Tufts sharpen their hearing • Thick fur allows it to hunt silently in the snow • Snowy regions • Do not hibernate • They can travel to 30km in search of food Oil drilling can effect the plants and animals It can also effect the natural beauty of the Arctic National Wildlife Reserve It can destroy the natural habitat for the animal To Solve the Problem: Human should stop oil drilling fossweb.com arctic.fws.gov arcticcircle.vconn.edu