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Download Skeletal and Muscular System
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Skeletal System A framework that supports and protects body parts. The skeletal system is made up of: • Bone • Cartilage • Joints • Ligaments Bone contains a soft tissue called marrow. Red marrow produces red blood cells. Yellow marrow produces fat cells. Cartilage is soft flexible tissue. Ex. nose & ears Cartilage also cushions areas where bones meet A joint is where two or more bones connect Ligaments are strong elastic bands of connective tissue that keep joints together. Functions of Bone 1. Protection - shields organs from damage 2. Support - allows the body to grow tall 3. Storage - stores minerals and fat inside the bone 4. Movement - muscle movement allows bones to move 5. Blood Cell Formation - red blood cells can be produced skull jawbone collarbone shoulder blade rib backbone hipbone lower arm bone tailbone thighbone kneecap shinbone Muscular System Allows for movement of body parts. • Made up of muscles and the connective tissue that connects them to bones. • Three types of muscle tissue • Smooth Muscle • Cardiac Muscle • Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle • Helps with the movement of food and blood. •Found in digestive tract and blood vessels. Smooth Muscle Cardiac Muscle • Causes the heart to beat. • Found only in your heart. Cardiac Muscle Skeletal Muscle • Attaches to bone for movement. • Help protect inner organs. •Found attached to all bones. Skeletal Muscle Voluntary vs. Involuntary Muscle action can be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary movement Involuntary movement •Movement that is under your control. •Movement that is NOT under your control. • Example: talking •Example: heart beat, breathing • Skeletal muscle • Cardiac muscle • Smooth muscle • Skeletal muscle Tendons • Strands of tough connective tissue • Connect your skeletal muscles to your bones. Working in Pairs • Skeletal muscles work in pairs to cause movement. Flexor - a muscle that bends part of your body. Ex. biceps Extensor - a muscle that straightens part of your body. Ex. triceps When the biceps muscle contracts, the triceps muscle relaxes and the elbow bends. When the triceps muscle contracts, the biceps muscle relaxes and the elbow straightens. skeletal smooth Move food Move bones Muscle group tendon cardiac Makes heart beat Muscle fiber Circulatory Respiratory Skeletal Digestive Urinary (excretory) Endocrine Muscular Nervous
