Download 415. Challenges in the Development of Landscape Indicators for

ERTDI
Challenges in the Development of Landscape
Indicators
for Local Authority SEA Reporting
Lianda d’Auria
[email protected]
Dr. Gerald Mills, Senior Lecturer,
School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Policy,
Belfield,
University College Dublin,
Dublin 4.
John Bradley, Senior Executive Planner,
Forward Planning and Economic Development,
Clare County Council,
Ennis,
Co. Clare
supported by EPA/ERTDI Programme
IAIA 2007
Agenda
1.
Study Area – tiered approach
2.
Methodological Framework & Approach –
Research Objectives and Targets - overview
Assessment, Analysis and Management of Landscape Indicators framework
3.
Local Authority - Influential Processes
a) Planning - Process and Review
b) SEA
4.
Issues and Challenges
IAIA 2007
Study Area Location: County Clare, Ireland
North Clare LAP
East Clare LAP
Kilrush UDC Area
Ennis DP
West Clare LAP
South Clare LAP
Ennis SEA
IAIA 2007
EPA/UCD/CCC - Indicator Development in Co. Clare using GIS
Project
Definition
Description
Agenda
Aims
Objectives
Past
Design
Aerial Photos
O.S.I. Maps
Databases
Literature
Fieldwork \Research
Pers. Comm.
Landscape Assessment
SEA/EIA
DPSIR framework
GIS
Env. Attributes
Select
To represent on thematic maps
Data Acquisition
Present
Resource
Assessment
Landscape
as a whole
Natural
Cultural
Aesthetic
Components
Integration
Analysis
Interpretation
Identify
Assess
Map
Create
Modify
Analysis
Final I ndicator Set
Implement
Indicators
Presentation
Future
Planning & Management
Framework
SEA
process
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
GIS
Databank
Maps
Reports
Case Study
Co. Clare
West Clare
Kilrush
Methodological Framework and Approach for the Assessment, Analysis and Management of Landscape Indicators in Co. Clare
SEA Objectives1
Targets2
SEA Indicators3
baseline
indicators
prediction
evaluation
objectives
mitigation
Targets
monitoring
indicators
Link between Indicators and other Aspects of SEA
1.
An objective is a statement of what is intended, specifying a desired direction of change
2.
A target describes what results are required within a specific timescale
3.
An indicator is the tool for determining whether or not targets are met
IAIA 2007
1
Kilrush DP
SEA
Policies
Objectives
& Objectives
Targets2
SEA Indicators3
baseline
indicators
prediction
evaluation
objectives
mitigation
Targets
monitoring
indicators
Link between Indicators and other Aspects of SEA
1.
An objective is a statement of what is intended, specifying a desired direction of change
2.
A target describes what results are required within a specific timescale
3.
An indicator is the tool for determining whether or not targets are met
IAIA 2007
driving
forces
DPSIR Framework at work
pressures
responses
state
relationships between Human Activities and the Environment (OECD, EEA)
impacts
Driving Force
Pressure
State
Impact
Response
Rural population
Energy efficiency
River water quality
Drinking water quality
Designation of protected areas
Industrial production
Housing construction
Groundwater quality
Carbon sequestration
Participation in REPS
Gross value added per region
Commercial
Area of open countryside
Fish kills
Climate change strategy
Energy
extraction
Phosphorus levels in soils
Area developed
Renewable energy
growth
Agricultural waste arising
Forest cover
Birds of conservation concern
Expenditure
Tourist numbers
Green gas emissions
Tree
Impacts on coastal protected
services
Fertiliser sales
Nitrogen
Forests
Livestock numbers
emissions
demand
&
economic
Sulphur
peat
oxides
species
planted
in
on
environmental
areas
dioxide
emissions
Area of open countryside
Rural Pop.
House Construction
Protected Designations
Area Developed
In Co. Clare? In Kilrush?
IAIA 2007
Dev Plan:
Key Issue Areas
• Tourism
• The Economy
• Housing
• Environment
• Transport and Access
• Retailing
• Services and Infrastructure
• Leisure, Recreation and Community Facilities
IAIA 2007
Dev Plan:
Main Development Issues
• Zoning of lands
• Traffic management
• Tourism and economic development
• Environmental Protection, improvement and energy efficiency
• Leisure and recreational facilities
• Community facilities including childcare and youth facilities
• Retail and commercial development
IAIA 2007
Topics
Objectives
Biodiversity
Targets
Indicators
B1-protect the diversity of habitats, species and wildlife corridors
B2-protect designated sites
B3-protect the inland aquatic environment
B4-protect the marine environment
B5-promote integrated coastal zone management
Population
P1-protect and enhance people’s quality of life based on high quality residential, community, working
and recreational environments and on sustainable travel patterns
Human Health
H1-minimise the risk of pollution emissions including noise and vibrations from commercial and
industrial process
Soil
S1-maintain the quality of soils
S2-give preference to the use of derelict, disused and infill sites, rather than
Greenfield sites
S3-minimise the consumption of non-renewable deposits on sites
S4-minimise the amount of waste to landfill from site
Water
W1-protect and enhance the status of aquatic ecosystems and, wrt their water needs, terrestrial
ecosystems and wetlands directly depending on the aquatic ecosystem (quality, level, flow)
W2-promote sustainable flow use based on a long-term protection of available
water resources
W3-reduce the impact of polluting substances to all waters
W4-minimise effects of floods and droughts
Air/Climate
A1-minimise all forms of air pollution
A2-minimise emissions of greenhouse gases to contribute to a reduction and
avoidance of human induced global climate change
A3-reduce waste of energy, and maximise use of renewable energy sources
Material Assets
M1-maximise use of the existing built environment including the re-use of vernacular buildings
M2-maximise use of existing lands zoned for development within settlement boundaries
M3-avoid flood risk and/or coastal erosion in selecting sites for development
M4-minimise the use of non-renewable resources (sand, gravel) in favour of re-use of suitable
construction and demolition material
Cultural Heritage
C1-protect and conserve the cultural heritage including the built environment and settings,
archaeological, architectural and manmade features
C2-conserve historic fabric of urban and rural settlement
C3-to ensure the restoration and re-use of existing uninhabited and derelict structures where possible
opposed to demolition and new build (to promote sustainability and reduce landfill)
Landscape
L1-conserve and enhance values natural landscapes and features within them including those of
geological value
L2-conserve and protect cultural landscape including archaeological and architectural
L3-to protect and enhance the character and aesthetic value of the landscape
IAIA 2007
Dev Plan:
Objective-Target-Indicator
Example
Use in SEA
Objective1
B1-protect the diversity of habitats, species
and wildlife corridors
prediction
Target2
- Maintain tree area up to 2014
- Increase tree areas by 10% by 2014
evaluation
Indicator 3
Area of trees (ha)
Baseline
monitoring
IAIA 2007
Issues and Challenges
• Matrix – id issues, information, problems
• Maps/GIS - ditto
• Baseline data - existence
• Indicator –development
• Expertise –
– Need for a multi-disciplinary team
– In-house/consultants/facilitator?
• Overall use to Local Authorities
• Need to achieve a balance - theory v’s reality
in planning objectives, targets and associated indicators
IAIA 2007
ERTDI
Final Comment
&
Thank you
Lianda d’Auria
Forward Planning and Economic Development,
Clare County Council,
Ennis,
Co. Clare
[email protected]
School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Policy
University College Dublin,
Belfield,
Dublin 4
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ERTDI
Thank you
Lianda d’Auria
Forward Planning and Economic Development,
Clare County Council,
Ennis,
Co. Clare
[email protected]
School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Policy
University College Dublin,
Belfield,
Dublin 4
IAIA 2007