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Transcript
Meningococcal Disease Causes and Transmission: Meningococcal disease is caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis. It is contagious and spreads from person to person through tiny droplets that are sent into the air during talking, laughing, coughing and sneezing. It can also spread by kissing, sharing eating utensils, and hand-to-hand contact. Meningococcal disease tends to occur in settings where people are in close contact with each other, such as daycare, school and dormitory settings. Some people carry the bacteria without having any symptoms, so it is possible to catch meningococcal disease from someone who appears to be healthy. Symptoms: Common symptoms of meningococcal meningitis include: Fever Generalized aches and pains Headache Increased sensitivity to light Irritability in children Loss of appetite or poor feeding in children and infants Malaise or lethargy Nausea with or without vomiting Neck stiffness Rash How is meningococcal disease treated? The best treatment for meningococcal disease is avoiding it in the first place. Two types of effective vaccines have been developed against the specific types of Neisseria meningitidis that cause most cases of meningococcal disease. Meningococcal vaccines are among those that are routinely given to children. The vaccination is recommended for children between the ages of 11 and 12, although it may be given to younger children who are at high risk. Vaccination is also recommended for college freshmen who will be living in a dormitory, if they were not previously vaccinated. Meningococcal vaccines are also recommended for travelers before visiting areas with a high incidence of meningococcal disease, particularly if they anticipate prolonged contact with local residents.