Download Making Mountains - Kativik School Board

Name: ______________________
Date: _______________________
Making
Mountains
Convergence Zone
Divergence Zone
Force
Mountains
Orogenesis
Sediment
Slip Zone
Making Mountains - Page 2
Moving Plates
TEACHER DIRECTED NOTES
Now that you know that the surface of the Earth is constantly
moving and changing, we are now going to look at how the Tectonic
Plates interact with each other.
There are 3 ways the tectonic plates interact.
Divergence Zone (or Rift)
Picture
Description
Two plates move ___________, this
is
the
divergence
zone.
The
separation of the __________ of the
Earth exposes the surface to
___________, which flows and
solidifies. This is an example of a
______________.
*We will explore this type of plate
tectonic movement in another activity.
Slip Zone (or Transform Fault)
Picture
Description
Two plates ___________ against
each other: this is a slip zone. In most
cases the movement is horizontal and
sideways.
This
usually
causes
_________________.
*We will explore this type of plate
tectonic movement in another activity.
Making Mountains - Page 3
Moving Plates (continued…)
Two plates move ___________ each
other: this is a convergence zone. As
the tectonic plates slowly move towards
each other this causes a great amount
of _______ and ____________ which
eventually causes part of the Earth’s
crust to ________ forming mountains.
SUMMARY
Therefore, the three
types of plate
tectonic movement
are:
1) ______________________
2) ______________________
3) ______________________
Making Mountains - Page 4
TEACHER DIRECTED NOTES
Convergence Zone (or Subduction Zone)
Picture
Description
THE SITUATION…
Over millions of years mountains were formed and some
have also disappeared. You will conduct several
experiments that will show how mountains could have been
formed over time.
THE SITUATION
How do mountains get
to be so large???
You will be given three procedures that will help
guide you in your investigative process. As usual
you can make changes if you think the
procedure can be improved upon. Remember to
record notes on any changes you make
Once
you
have
made
your
observations
from
the
three
experiments, you will then create a
travel poster that will display
information about the geology and
history of the Torngat Mountains.
Making Mountains - Page 5

I observe.

I develop a research question.

I define the variables.

I experiment.

I collect the data.

I analyze my results and present them.
I observe:
There are many mountains in the world. Some
are large, small, pointy, smooth, layered,
curved, folded, etc. Have you ever wondered
what causes these mountains to look the way
they do? Why do mountains look different in different parts of
the world? What force is behind the creation of mountains?
I develop a research question:
“Can you explain the outcomes of the different
types of forces causing mountain formation?”
I define the variables:
You will make observations after each experiment and then
discuss how your results simulate what happens in nature.
Making Mountains - Page 6
EXPERIMENT
Experimental Method
When Plates Collide
I Experiment:
EXPERIMENT
Procedure:
Below is the proposed procedure for this
experiment. If you change the procedure,
make sure you note it down.
When Plates Collide
1. Create a mound of clay by layering three colors
of modeling clay like the picture to the right:
2. Make sure the mound you have created is not
firmly pressed onto your work surface. If it is, remove
it and lightly lay it back down onto your work surface.
3. Place each block of wood on either side of your mound
of clay.
4. Gently but firmly push the
blocks of wood against
the clay until changes
begin to happen.
5. Record your observations.
Making Mountains - Page 7
Young Mountains
I Experiment:
Below is the proposed procedure for this
experiment. If you change the procedure,
make sure you note it down.
Young Mountains
1. Take the flexible piece of
cardboard. Position half the
cardboard on the work table
and the other half will hang
off the table slightly.
2. Using the stiff piece of cardboard, place it
securely against the part of the flexible piece that
is hanging off the table.
3. Have another partner place the Styrofoam pellets
in the center where the two types of cardboard
meet.
4. When ready, slowly slide the flexible cardboard
towards the ridged one while holding the ridged one
in place.
5. Observe what is happening to the packing pellets.
6. Record your observations.
Making Mountains - Page 8
EXPERIMENT
Procedure:
Fault Mountains
I Experiment:
EXPERIMENT
Procedure:
Below is the proposed procedure for
this experiment. If you change the
procedure, make sure you note it down.
Fault Mountains
1. Hold the 5 wood blocks together on the surface of the
desk. The wood blocks represent the Earth’s crust and
the spaces between them represent the faults.
2. Measure with a ruler the height of the wooden blocks.
3. Measure with a ruler the width of the wood blocks
together from the edge of the first block to the edge
of the last block.
4. Now, allow the wood blocks to slant slightly to the right
or left (Approximately 30-45° Angle)
5. Measure the height and width with a ruler of the new
positioning of the wood blocks.
6. Record your observations.
7. Sketch if necessary.
Making Mountains - Page 9
RESULTS (I collect my data)
EXPERIMENT
(Use these two pages to record the rough copy of your results from the experiments)
record the rough copy of your results from the experiments)
Making Mountains - Page 10
RESULTS (I collect my data)
Experiment 1: When Plates Collide
EXPERIMENT
Observations:
Experiment 2: Young Mountains
Observations:
Making Mountains - Page 11
RESULTS (I collect my data)
Experiment 3: Fault Mountains
Observations:
Measurements
Height
Length
After
__________cm
__________cm
Height
Length
___________cm
___________cm
Sketch a diagram of your set-up before and after the
experiment.
Before
After
Making Mountains - Page 12
EXPERIMENT
Before
I analyze my results and present them.
Experiment 1: When Plates Collide
ANALYSIS
1. What did
represent?
the
modeling
clay
and
wood
blocks
2. Use the following words to explain how this
experiment demonstrates how mountains are formed:
Convergence Zone
Force
Tectonic Plates
Mountains
Making Mountains - Page 13
Earth’s Crust
Gradual
I analyze my results and present them.
Experiment 2: Young Mountains
2. If the Styrofoam pellets represent sediment, use
the following words to explain how this experiment
demonstrates how mountains are formed:
Convergence Zone
Tectonic Plates
Sediment
Force
Mountains
Making Mountains - Page 14
Earth’s Crust
Gradual
ANALYSIS
1. What does the stiff cardboard represent? What
does the flexible cardboard represent?
I analyze my results and present them.
Experiment 3: Fault Mountains
ANALYSIS
1. Was there a difference between your measurements before
and after your experiment? Explain (ex. Why do you think they
were different? What does this difference mean?).
2. What happens when the Earth’s crust is pulled apart?
3. Do you think this could make mountains? Explain.
4. How was Experiment 3 different from experiments 1 and 2?
Making Mountains - Page 15
2. Experiment 1: When Plates Collide. If you were to
repeat this experiment, would you change the
procedure? Explain why or why not.
Making Mountains - Page 16
REFLECTION ACTIVITY
1. Do you think mountains can be formed by all three
types of movements? Explain how this is possible.
REFLECTION ACTIVITY
3. Experiment 2: Young Mountains. If you were to repeat
this experiment, would you change the procedure? Explain
why or why not.
4.Experiment 3: Fault Mountains. If you were to repeat
this experiment, would you change the procedure? Explain
why or why not.
Making Mountains - Page 17
 Get together with a partner.
 You need to find a way to present all the answers
to the following questions on your Travel Poster
of the Torngat Mountains.
o
o
o
o
o
Mountain’s Name
Location
Elevation
Geologic origin (explain how the mountains were
formed in your own words. What evidence shows
this)
Composition (What is it made of, what type of
rock)
Description of its shape
Relationship to plate boundaries
When were the mountains formed
o
o
o
o Pictures (draw or printed)
 Use the brainstorming section to help you organize
your thoughts.
 Once you have finished your brainstorming, work
on your first draft.
 Once you are happy with your draft, create your
poster, using the materials supplied by your
teacher.
 You are free to be as creative as you want.
Making Mountains - Page 18
GROUP ACTIVITY
Instructions:
GROUP ACTIVITY
Brainstorming
Answers to Required Information:
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Making Mountains - Page 19
GROUP ACTIVITY
FIRST DRAFT
Making Mountains - Page 20
Review Questions
1. Label Each Image with the Correct Word. Place a STAR beside the
ones that can cause mountains to form.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
a)__________________________________
b)__________________________________
c)__________________________________
2. Orogenesis is: _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. Answer the Final Review Questions Using the Smart
Board.
Making Mountains - Page 21