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BIRDS 6 TH 5/27/14 MR. FAIA GRADE SCIENCE What is a Bird? Birds: Endothermic vertebrates Feathers 4 Chambered heart Lays eggs What is a Bird? Birds have scales on their feet and legs Where could these scales have originated? All birds also descend from ancestors that could fly What is a Bird? Bodies are adapted for flight Forelimbs = Wings Many hollow bones Large chest muscles Feathers Feathers Feathers = BIRD Probably evolved from reptile scales Same stuff that makes fingernails Feathers Types of feathers: Contour Down Feathers Contour feather Gives shape to the body Longer feathers on wing and tail are flight feathers Help balance and steer Feathers Down feather Short, fluffy Trap heat to keep the bird warm Similar to what in mammals? Soft and flexible Food and Body Temp No Teeth Bills/beaks are used for capturing food Food and Body Temp Crop stores food Stomach breaks down food Gizzard squeezes and grinds food Food and Body Temp Energy from food is used for body temp regulation Eat almost ¼ of its weight per day Oxygen to Cells 4 Chamber hearts 2 Loop circulatory system Nervous System and Senses Finely tuned senses of sight and hearing Allow for quick reactions Reproducing and Caring for Young After fertilization, birds lay eggs in a nest Nests are often made by both parents Eggs are close to normal body temp Parents also incubate them to keep them warm Reproducing and Caring for Young Development can take anywhere from 12 to 80 days Depends on the bird’s size Diversity About 10,000 species Diversity Grouped based on adaptations Legs Claws Bills REVIEW 1) Name 4 characteristics all birds have in common. 2) Name 3 ways birds and mammals are similar. 3) Name 3 ways birds and mammals are different. 4) How are birds adapted to fly? 5) What are the 2 types of feathers on birds? 6) How much food do birds eat in a day? 7) How many species of birds are there? 8) How are birds grouped? 9) Who builds the nest? 10) What senses are highly developed? 11) What do the different feathers do for the birds?