Download Root of the Neck

M1 – Anatomy
Root of the Neck
Dr. Jeff Dupree
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Summary of Anterior Cervical Triangle
Boundaries:
Mandible, SCM, midline
Divided into 4 triangles:
Muscular, carotid, submandibular, submental
Muscular: infrahyoid muscles innervated by ansa cervicalis
EXCEPT thyrohyoid (C1)
Carotid: carotid sheath, ansa cervicalis, branches of ext. carotid,
hypoglossal n., deep cervical lymph nodes
Submandibular: submandibular gland, suprahyoid muscles
Submental: crosses midline, submental lymph nodes
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Summary of Posterior Cervical Triangle
2 triangles:
occipital
supraclavicular
Occipital:
4 cutaneous nerves
lesser occipital, great auricular,
transverse cervical, supraclavicular
spinal accessory
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Nerves of the Muscular Triangle
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Boundaries of Root of Neck
Anterior: manubrium of sternum
Lateral: 1st rib
Posterior: body of 1st thoracic vertebra
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Anterior to Anterior Scalene M.
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Posterior to Anterior Scalene M.
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Muscles of the root of the neck
Longus colli
Scalenes
anterior
middle
posterior
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Arteries of the Root of Neck
Brachiocephalic trunk (right side)
Common carotid
Subclavian
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Blood Supply for Root of Neck
Common carotid a.
Subclavian a.
-3 parts
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Subclavian Artery
Three parts:
1st part:
2nd part:
3rd part:
origin to medial border of Anterior Scalene
behind Anterior Scalene
lateral edge of Ant. Scalene to 1st rib
Branches of 1st part:
-vertebral
-internal thoracic
-thyrocervical trunk
Branches of 2nd part:
-costocervical trunk
Branch of 3rd part:
-dorsal scapular
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Relationship between Ant. Scalene
and Subclavian Branches
Vertebral
Thyrocervical
Costocervical
Int. Thoracic
(not seen)
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Subclavian Artery
Internal thoracic
Vertebral
Thyrocervical trunk:
transverse cervical
suprascapular
inferior thyroid
ascending cervical
Costocervical trunk:
deep cervical
superior (supreme) intercostal
the superior/highest/supreme intercostal artery are all accepted names
for this artery; the confusion concerns the veins of the same names; the
supreme intercostal vein drains the first intercostal space and then empties
into the brachiocephalic while the superior/highest intercostal vein drains
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the 2nd intercostal space
Thyrocervical
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Costocervical
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Venous drainage of Root of Neck
Brachiocephalic vv
Internal jugular v.
Subclavian v.
Thyroid vv.
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Cervical Sympathetic Trunk and Ganglia
-lies on the longus colli m.
-ganglia
-superior (C2)
-middle (C6)
-inferior (C7, behind
subclavian)
-inferior and middle are
connected by ansa
subclavia
-vertebral ganglion
-Stellate ganglion
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Nerves in the Root of the Neck
Phrenic
Vagus
Brachial plexus
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Thyroid Gland
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Thyroid Gland
-3 lobes + isthmus (2nd-3rd
tracheal ring)
-pyramidal lobe- remnant
of thyroglossal duct
-inf./sup. thyroid a
-inf/mid/sup thyroid v
-regulates metabolism
-thyroidea ima
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Parathyroid Glands
-posterior surface
-4 glands
-blood supply from
inferior thyroid a
-regulate Ca+
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Esophagus
-continuous with pharynx
-posterior to trachea
Trachea
-below larynx
-c-shaped cartilage
-covered ant.
infrahyoid m
isthmus of thyroid
inferior thyroid v
pretracheal nodes
tracheostomy
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Thoracic Duct
-enters neck to left
of midline
-union of internal jug
and left subclavian
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